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第四七篇 爱弟兄

📖 研读 🎵 朗读 📊 汇集 🇬🇧 English 📋 对照
  读经:
  约五24:“我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”
  约壹三14:“我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”
  约翰福音是四福音中最后写的,约翰书信也是所有书信中最后写的。在约翰福音之前,有马太、马可和路加三卷福音,讲到主耶稣的许多事迹和教训;到约翰写福音书的时候,就把神的儿子来到地上的那一个最高、最属灵的点指给我们看见。他特别清楚地告诉我们,什么人能够得到永生。他一直给我们看见,信的人有永生。在约翰福音里,充满了信。人一信主,就得着永生,这是约翰福音的题目,这是约翰所注重的点。别的福音所没有特别注重的,约翰福音就特别的注重。约五24说,“我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”换句话说,听而信的人,就是出死入生的人。这个福音的门,是开得很大的。
  到了书信,保罗、彼得和其他使徒也来把“信”解释得非常清楚,给我们看见,每一个信主的人,都能得着恩典。可是到最后,约翰写的书信却注重到另一方面。当其他的书信都注重在神面前的信心的时候,他却注重在神面前实际的行为──爱。其他的书信说信的人得着称义,信的人得着赦免,信的人得着洁净,约翰的书信却说信的人必须有凭据──爱。
  我们如果问有的人说,“你怎么知道你有永生?”他也许会回答说,“神的话这样说。”但这是不够可靠的,因为他可能凭着头脑这样说,不一定真相信神的话。所以约翰在他的书信里给我们看见,人如果说他自己是有生命的,他必定有凭据;人如果说他自己是属乎神的,在他身上必定有一个彰显,必定有一个见证。
  人可能凭着知识在那里说,“我信,就有永生。”人可能把“信就有永生”演成一个公式:第一,我听福音;第二,我明白了;第三,我相信了;第四,我知道有永生。但这种公式的“得救”是靠不住地。圣经告诉我们,在保罗的时候,就已经有假弟兄了(林后十一26加二4)。什么叫作假弟兄呢?就是有人自称是弟兄,其实不是弟兄;有人自称是属乎神的人,其实是没有生命的人。他们混到教会中来,是凭着道理进来的,是凭着知识进来的,是凭着公式进来的。那么我们怎能知道一个人的信是真的,或者是假的呢?我们怎能知道一个人在神面前的信心是活的,或者是一个公式呢?我们有什么方法去证明谁是属乎主的人,谁不是属乎主的呢?约翰的书信替我们解决了这个难处。约翰给我们一种鉴别的方法去认识,什么种的人是真弟兄,什么种的人是假弟兄;什么种的人是从神生的人,什么种的人不是从神生的人。现在我们要来看约翰告诉我们的这个鉴别的方法。
 
  全部圣经只有两个地方用“出死入生”这一句话:一处是在约五24,另一处是在约壹三14。我们把这两节圣经拿来比较一下。
  约五24:“那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”这里说,信的人是已经出死入生了。
  约壹三14:“我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。”这里说,出死入生是有凭据的,爱弟兄就是出死入生的凭据。
  比方:你与许多人交朋友,你很喜欢他们;或者,你佩服许多人,你很尊敬他们;但是,你对他们的感觉,与你对同胞兄弟姊妹的感觉,总是有些不同。若是有一个人是你母亲生的,是你的兄弟或姊妹,你就很自然的对他有一个特别的感觉,有一个莫名其妙的感觉。这一个感觉,是一个很自然的爱的感觉。你有这一个感觉,就证明你和他是一家。
  照样,在这里有一个人,他的外貌,他的家庭,他所受的教育,他的性情,他的兴趣,也许与你完全两样;可是,因为他也是相信主耶稣的,你对他就有一种说不出来的感觉,有一个莫名其妙的感觉,觉得这一位是你的弟兄,好像比你的亲兄弟还要亲。你有这一个感觉,就证明你是已经出死入生的人。
  约壹五1说,“凡信耶稣是基督的,都是从神而生;凡爱生他之神的,也必爱从神生的。”这里的话非常宝贵。你如果爱生你的神,你就必定爱神所生的,这是极其自然的。你不能说我爱神,而我对弟兄没有感觉。这是不可能的事。
  在你里面有一个“爱”,证明你从前那一个“信”是真的;因为你从前那一个“信”是真的,所以你就有了这一种说不出来的“爱”。这一个爱弟兄的心是很特别的,不是因为别的缘故而爱,只是因为他是弟兄而爱。不是因为他与你意气相投,所以你爱他,只是因为他是你的弟兄,所以你爱他。在这里有一个人,与你教育不一样,脾气不一样,家庭不一样,意见不一样,看法不一样,但是你爱他。就是因为他是一个信主的人,你也是个信主的人,你和他都是弟兄,你就自然而然与他有交通,对他有一种说不出来的感觉,有一种说不出来的味道。这一个感觉,这一个味道,就是你出死入生的凭据。你如果爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。
  不错,信心使你遇见神,信心使你出死入生,使你作一个神家里的人,使你得着了重生;但是,信心不只使你遇见父,信心也使你遇见弟兄。你一得着生命,就自然而然觉得全世界有这一个生命的人多得很,这一个生命就自然而然要你亲近那些与你得着同样生命的人。这生命使你喜欢接近他们,喜欢与他们来往,自然而然就有一个爱他们的心。
  约翰福音和约翰书信给我们看见,神所安排的是:“信”使我们出死入生;出死入生的人,就能够“爱”。我们凭着爱弟兄,就能知道自己是出死入生的人。这是一个非常可靠的方法,能试验出神的儿女在地上到底有多少。能相爱才是弟兄;如果不相爱,就不是弟兄。
  弟兄姊妹们!我们在神面前必须看见这件事,就是说,爱弟兄,是真信心的凭据。我们没有其他更好的方法分别什么人的信心是真的,什么人的信心是假的。如果我们没有辨别的能力,那么福音传得越完全,假冒的危险就越大;福音传得越透彻,假冒的人就越容易混进来;福音越是传得满了恩典,马虎随便的人就越多。所以,我们总得有一条分别的路,总得找出一个方法来,认清谁是真的信,谁是假的信。约翰的书信明显的给我们看见,分别真的信心和假的信心的路,不是在信心里,而是在爱心里。不是问信心如何,而是问爱心如何。信心如果是对的,就必定有爱心。没有爱,就证明没有信;有爱,就证明有信。我们从爱这一边去看信,就能看得清楚。
  要知道一个人是不是真基督徒,只要看他对于神其他的儿女,有没有一种特别的味道,特别的吸引力。神所给我们的生命,不是一个独立生存的生命。神所给我们的生命,自然而然要我们与别的得着同样生命的人接近,自然而然要我们与别的得着同样生命的人相爱,有互相亲密的感觉。有这一个感觉的人,就是已经出死入生的人。
 
  约壹三11:“我们应当彼此相爱;这就是你们从起初所听见的命令。”
  还有三章二十三节:“神的命令就是叫我们信祂儿子耶稣基督的名,且照祂所赐给我们的命令彼此相爱。”
  彼此相爱乃是神的命令。神命令我们作两件事:(一)信祂儿子耶稣基督的名;(二)彼此相爱。我们已经把相信这一件事作了,对于下面那一个爱就也应当作。神给我们那一个爱,神也给我们一个爱的命令。神先赐给我们那一个爱,然后给我们那一个爱的命令,要我们彼此相爱。今天我们要将神所给我们的那一个爱,照着神的命令来彼此相爱。神所摆在我们里面的爱,我们要按着它的性质来用它,不应当毁它、伤它。
  还有四7~8:“亲爱的弟兄啊,我们应当彼此相爱;因为爱是从神来的;凡有爱心的,都是由神而生,并且认识神。没有爱心的,就不认识神;因为神就是爱。”
  我们为什么要彼此相爱?因为爱是从神来的。有爱的人都是由神而生,没有爱的人就不认识神,因为神自己就是爱。神生我们的时候,也把爱生在我们里面。从前,我们里面没有爱,但今天我们里面有爱。今天有这一个爱,就是从神来的。每一个从神生的人,神都把爱生在他们里面。神给你有爱,神也给他有爱,所以能够彼此相爱。
  从神生的就得着生命,这一个生命就是神自己;神就是爱,所以从神生的,就有这样的爱生在他里面。我们从神得着的那一个生命,就是爱的生命。所有从神生的人,都有爱在他们里面,每一个有爱的人,就自然而然能彼此相爱。所以,如果我们不能彼此相爱,那是希奇的事。神赐给每一个基督徒一个爱的生命,神就根据这一个生命,给一个命令说,“应当彼此相爱。”神先给爱,然后说要爱。神先给爱的生命,然后给爱的命令,我们应该低下头来说,“感谢神,神的儿女能彼此相爱!”
 
  现在我们要把约翰一书中关于这一类的圣经节,特别提出来看一下。
  二9~11:“人若说自己在光明中,却恨他的弟兄,他到如今还是在黑暗里。爱弟兄的就是住在光明中,在他并没有绊跌的缘由。唯独恨弟兄的是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行,也不知道往哪里去,因为黑暗叫他眼睛瞎了。”清楚么?一个人是不是弟兄,-约翰一书一个人是不是在光中,-约翰一书一个人是不是在黑暗里,只要看他恨不恨弟兄就能知道。
  如果有一个人知道你是弟兄,而他在心里竟然能恨你,这就足够证明他不是一个基督徒。他看见了五个弟兄,他如果说,“有四个我都爱他们,有一个我心里恨他。”这就证明他自己还不是弟兄。我们要知道,爱弟兄并不是因为他可爱才爱,乃是因为他是弟兄,所以爱。因为是弟兄,所以爱他,这是唯一的原因。所以,如果在这里有一个人,他知道你是弟兄,他知道你是属乎主的,而他还能恨你,那就证明他在里面没有生命。因为这里的话是说,“恨弟兄的是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行。”住是住在黑暗里,行也行在黑暗里。换句话说,圣经根本不承认有恨弟兄的事,根本不相信有这一个可能。如果有一个人,你知道他是弟兄,而你竟然恨他,那你自己只得说,“主,我不是住在光明中的人,我是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行的人!”
  三10节:“从此就显出谁是神的儿女…,凡不行义的,就不属神;不爱弟兄的也是如此。”所以,外面不行义的人,是不属乎神的;里面没有爱弟兄的感觉的人,也是不属乎神的。不爱弟兄的人,就不是属乎神的人,因为在他里面没有那一个爱,在他里面没有那一个感觉。从这里就显出谁是神的儿女。
  三14节下半:“没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”这一个爱不是指着普通的爱,乃是指着爱弟兄的爱。如果有人在里面没有这一个爱弟兄的心,圣经就指给我们看,他是“仍住在死中”。在-约翰一书一个人没有相信主的时候,对于别的信主的人,-约翰一书一点感觉都没有,-约翰一书一点吸引都没有,那不足为奇。可是他相信了主以后,如果对于这些信主的人还是没有感觉,还是没有吸引,那就太希奇了。这可能是因为他的信心靠不住。“没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”他从前是死的,今天恐怕还是死的。因为信心是用爱心来作凭据的。人的信心靠得住靠不住,就在乎有没有爱生出来。相信神的人,就生出爱弟兄的心来;如果生不出爱弟兄的心来,这就证明他仍住在死中。
  三15节:“凡恨他弟兄的,就是杀人的;你们晓得凡杀人的,没有永生存在他里面。”你绝不能说,-约翰一书一个人相信主了,还是杀人。圣经告诉我们,恨弟兄就是杀人。-约翰一书一个有永生的人,他应该不会恨弟兄。会恨弟兄,就证明他在里面没有爱,没有永生。
  在神的儿女中,能有许多的情形,可是在神的儿女中不能有恨。如果有一个弟兄有一种很不好的情形,我们心里可以不喜欢他;如果有一个弟兄犯了应该被革除的罪,我们也许会发怒的对付这件事;如果有一个弟兄作了一件很不好的事,我们可以把他请来,在主面前很重的责备他;但是,我们不能恨他,如果有人恨他,就证明这个人没有永生存在他里面。
  凡是神的儿女,他里面的生命都是丰富到一个地步,能叫他爱所有的弟兄姊妹。只要有一个人是属乎主的,他里面的爱就会出来。爱一个弟兄,与爱所有的弟兄是一样的。因为爱弟兄的心摆在这一个人身上是这样,摆在那一个人身上也是这样。这一个爱弟兄的心,对于所有的弟兄都没有分别。只要是弟兄,它都能爱。如果有人恨一个弟兄,这个人就是没有永生存在里面的人。不必恨所有的弟兄,只要恨一个弟兄,就足够证明他缺了那一个爱弟兄的爱。爱弟兄的爱,是能爱所有弟兄的。
  所以,这是一个非常严肃的问题。如果有一个信徒,不爱另外一个弟兄,恨另外一个弟兄,甚至于欺负另外一个弟兄,攻击另外一个弟兄,那我们只能说,“神啊!求你怜悯!在这里有一个人,自己以为是信徒,其实根本没有得救!”只要他对一个弟兄有恨,就足够证明他这一个人不是属乎主的。这是相当严肃的事!
  正常的情形是这样的:假使有一位弟兄,他所作的许多事情,你不以为然,你可以劝戒他、责备他,但是你不恨他。如果他作一件事,使你很生气,你能发怒到一个地步,用很重的话责备他,但是你里面没有恨。你就是要像马太十八章所说的那样“告诉教会”,你的目的还是为要得着他,还是为要挽回他。如果你对于他除了攻击和拆毁之外,没有一点挽回的意思,那就证明你不是一个弟兄。马太十八章的那一个弟兄所以告诉教会,目的是要得着他的弟兄。所以,问题是在这里:你的目的是为着拆毁呢,或者是为要得着?这是相当严重的问题,我们不要以为是简单的事!
  像对于林前五章所说的那一个行淫乱的人,保罗说,“你们应当把那恶人从你们中间赶出去。”(13)保罗起初因为他们不把行这样事的人赶出去,就奉主耶稣的名,并用主耶稣的权能,把那一个人交给撒但,败坏他的肉体。这样的对付重么?真是重到不能再重了。可是保罗为什么这样作?乃是要“使他的灵魂在主耶稣的日子可以得救。”(5)所以要叫他的肉体在目前受败坏,目的乃是要他不受永远的损失。马太十八章的“告诉教会”,存心是为着挽回;林前五章的革除,存心也是为着挽回。
  当约书亚审判亚干的时候,他说,“我儿,我劝你将荣耀归给耶和华以色列的神。…”(书七19。)虽然亚干犯了大罪,可是他对亚干说话的时候是这一种的灵,满了爱弟兄的心。
  当报信的少年人把扫罗死的消息告诉大卫的时候,大卫就撕裂衣服,悲哀哭号,禁食到晚上(撒下一11~12)。当有人把押沙龙死的消息告诉大卫的时候,大卫就心里伤恸,哀哭说,“我儿押沙龙啊,我恨不得替你死!”(十八33。)扫罗是与他为敌的君王,押沙龙是他悖逆的儿子,这样的人死了,大卫还在那里哀哭。他不能不打仗,不能不刑罚,但是也不能不哭;他不能不审判,不能不定罪,但是也不能不流泪。
  弟兄姊妹们!如果有人只有审判,而没有眼泪;只有定罪,而不感觉难受,那就证明这一个人不知道什么叫作爱弟兄。如果有人对弟兄有责备,只是拆毁,那就证明他里面没有爱,只有恨。恨弟兄就是杀弟兄!这是十分严重的一件事!
  从前有弟兄写信问达秘关于革除的事,达秘第一句话就说,“我想,个罪蒙赦免的罪人,去革除另外一个罪人,这是全世界最可怕的事。”全世界上没有第二件事比这一件事再可怕,就是一个罪得着赦免的罪人,去革除另外一个罪人。达秘这样的态度,是出乎爱的生命的态度。不错,许多事情需要对付;在教会中如有必要;可以革除犯罪的弟兄姊妹;但是,在对付的时候,里面必须没有恨。
  约壹四20~21:“人若说,我爱神,却恨他的弟兄,就是说谎话的;不爱他所看见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。爱神的,也当爱弟兄,这是我们从神所受的命令。”约翰在这里给我们看见,爱弟兄就是爱神。不爱看得见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。你如果要爱神,你就应当爱弟兄。这是我们从神那里所得着的命令。
  所以我们要小心,我们不应该作得罪爱的事。不要随便得罪弟兄。要相爱,要尊重你里面爱弟兄的心,不要把你里面爱弟兄的心伤了。神把爱弟兄的心放在我们里面,是要我们用着它去服事弟兄,帮助弟兄。我们应该让爱弟兄的心越长越刚强,越长越有力量。
  三17节:“凡有世上财物的,看见弟兄穷乏,却塞住怜恤的心,爱神的心怎能存在他里面呢?”约翰不说“爱弟兄的心怎能存在他里面呢”,而说“爱神的心怎能存在他里面呢”,因为爱神的心就是爱弟兄的心,爱弟兄的心就是爱神的心。人如果塞住了怜悯弟兄的心,那么他爱神的心也就没有了。他不能自己欺骗自己说,“我虽然不爱弟兄,但是我爱神。”我们和弟兄的关系,是从神来的;如果和弟兄没有关系,那就是和神没有关系;如果弃绝弟兄,自然爱神的心不在里面了。
 
  三章十六节:“主为我们舍命,我们从此就知道何为爱。”什么叫作爱弟兄的心呢?约翰替我们解释了。我们本来不容易知道爱是什么东西,当我们看见了主如何为我们舍命,我们就知道什么是爱。所以约翰接下去说,“我们也当为弟兄舍命。”爱弟兄的心,就是对所有的弟兄姊妹有一种丢掉自己去服事他们的心,有一种舍弃自己去成全他们的心,甚至于能够为着弟兄舍去自己的性命。
  三章十八节:“小子们哪!我们相爱,不要只在言语和舌头上;总要在行为和诚实上。”爱弟兄不是说一句空话了事,是要在行为和诚实上显明出来的。
  四10~12:“不是我们爱神,乃是神爱我们,差祂的儿子,为我们的罪作了挽回祭,这就是爱了。亲爱的弟兄啊!神既是这样爱我们,我们也当彼此相爱。从来没有人见过神;我们若彼此相爱,神就住在我们里面,爱祂的心在我们里面得以完全了。”这给我们看见,爱神是与我们彼此相爱分不开的。我们如果彼此相爱,爱神的心在我们里面就得以完全了。换句话说,今天神把许多弟兄摆在我们面前,他们就是我们实习爱神的对象。我们如果彼此相爱,爱神的心在我们里面就完全了。我们不要空口在那里说爱神,我们要实际的学习爱弟兄。空口说爱,是虚空的。爱神,是必须在爱弟兄的事上彰显出来的。
  五2~3:“我们若爱神,又遵守祂的诫命,从此就知道我们爱神的儿女。我们遵守神的诫命,这就是爱祂了。”我们如果爱神,就必须遵守祂的诫命;我们要爱神的儿女,也必须遵守祂的诫命。比方:神的命令是要我们受浸,可是,有许多神的儿女意见不同,对我们说,“我们不赞成受浸,你如果爱我们,就不应当去受浸,你如果去受浸,就要伤我们。”那怎么办呢?还有,神的命令是要我们脱离宗派,不可有分门别类的事;可是,有许多神的儿女拥护宗派,对我们说,“你不应该脱离宗派,你如果脱离宗派,你就伤了我们。”那怎么办呢?如果要爱神,那就要脱离宗派;如果要爱弟兄,那就不能脱离宗派;岂不是进退两难么?但是约翰的话告诉我们:“我们若爱神,又遵守祂的诫命,从此就知道我们爱神的儿女。”换句话说,如果神有命令,而你不遵守,你就不能说你爱神的儿女。譬如有一个弟兄,神指示他应该受浸,他如果爱神的儿女,就应该去受浸。因为他如果不受浸,那就会影响许多神的儿女也不拣选受浸,那就拦阻了他们的顺服神,这并不是爱他们。你如果遵守神所有的诫命,从此就知道你爱神的儿女,因为你走顺服的路,其他的儿女就也有顺服的路走。你如果恐怕伤他们而不作,那么,你没有路走,他们也没有路走。所以,你要学习爱神,并且遵守祂所有的诫命,从此就知道你爱神的儿女。我们必须遵守神所有的命令,只有这样,才能够把神的儿女都带上顺服神的路。再说一个比方:假使你的父母不许你信主,那你怎么办呢?难道为着爱他们的缘故你就不信主么?你如果听他们的话不信主,那绝不是爱!你不听他们的话而信了主,虽然他们生气,但是你开了一条路,叫他们也能信主,这才是爱!
  不过,我们在态度和言语上千万不要得罪他们。顺服神的命令,听从神的命令,是应该的,可是在态度上,在言语上,要不得罪他们。我们要持守神的真理,我们也要维持爱。我们从起头就要学习公义,但是要不失去爱。我们不要光注重神的生命是圣洁的一方面,而忽略了神的生命是爱的一方面,这两方面要平衡才对。我们要顺服神,但是我们的态度必须温柔。我们在任何的情形中都要不得罪爱。如果一件事情是必须作的,就去作;但不能作得罪爱的事。态度要温柔,即使和弟兄意见不同的时候也要温柔,要充满着爱对他说,“弟兄!我巴不得也能看见你所看见的,但是神给我看见这一个,我非顺服不可。”不委屈神的话,也不得罪爱。一面要顺服,一面要爱。总要给他们看见,你不是凭着自己这样作的,而是因神这样说,所以你才这样作。你的态度要对,应该充满了温柔。这样,你就能得着许多弟兄姊妹。
 
  约壹四16下半:“神就是爱;住在爱里面的,就是住在神里面,神也住在他里面。”这是在本书中第二次说“神就是爱”。因为神就是爱,所以神要我们爱弟兄,并且住在爱里面。我们只要住在爱里面,就是住在神里面。
  四17~18:“这样,爱在我们里面得以完全,我们就可以在审判的日子,坦然无惧;…爱里没有惧怕;爱既完全,就把惧怕除去。”全部圣经,只有约壹四章告诉我们,怎样才能站在审判台前不惧怕。它把秘诀告诉我们──要住在爱里面。住在爱里面,就是住在神里面。爱在我们里面得以完全,我们在审判的日子就可以坦然无惧。
  所以,我们对于弟兄姊妹应该只有个意念,就是要爱他们,要得着他们,要使他们得着最高的益处。要没有恨,只有爱。这一种的行为,在我们身上是一种操练;到了有一天,我们整个人住在爱里面,爱也住在我们里面,我们活在地上,就能把所有的惧怕除去。我们爱,我们就不怕。到了审判台前,我们站在那里也不惧怕。这一个爱的生命,能在弟兄中间作到一个地步,完全除去惧怕。圣灵的这一个果子──爱,能使我们站在审判台前坦然无惧。
  我们已经看见:爱弟兄就是爱神;爱弟兄叫我们爱神的心得以完全;我们能够爱弟兄爱到完全的地步,对弟兄没有惧怕的心。爱神与爱弟兄,这两个是并行的。我们如果要爱神,就要在地上爱弟兄。这样,爱在我们里面得以完全,我们就可以在审判的日子坦然无惧。这是一件奇妙的事。
  但愿我们一起头就好好的学习爱弟兄,让爱的生命在我们身上有出路。
  读经:
  约五24:“我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”
  约壹三14:“我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”
  约翰福音是四福音中最后写的,约翰书信也是所有书信中最后写的。在约翰福音之前,有马太、马可和路加三卷福音,讲到主耶稣的许多事迹和教训;到约翰写福音书的时候,就把神的儿子来到地上的那一个最高、最属灵的点指给我们看见。他特别清楚地告诉我们,什么人能够得到永生。他一直给我们看见,信的人有永生。在约翰福音里,充满了信。人一信主,就得着永生,这是约翰福音的题目,这是约翰所注重的点。别的福音所没有特别注重的,约翰福音就特别的注重。约五24说,“我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”换句话说,听而信的人,就是出死入生的人。这个福音的门,是开得很大的。
  到了书信,保罗、彼得和其他使徒也来把“信”解释得非常清楚,给我们看见,每一个信主的人,都能得着恩典。可是到最后,约翰写的书信却注重到另一方面。当其他的书信都注重在神面前的信心的时候,他却注重在神面前实际的行为──爱。其他的书信说信的人得着称义,信的人得着赦免,信的人得着洁净,约翰的书信却说信的人必须有凭据──爱。
  我们如果问有的人说,“你怎么知道你有永生?”他也许会回答说,“神的话这样说。”但这是不够可靠的,因为他可能凭着头脑这样说,不一定真相信神的话。所以约翰在他的书信里给我们看见,人如果说他自己是有生命的,他必定有凭据;人如果说他自己是属乎神的,在他身上必定有一个彰显,必定有一个见证。
  人可能凭着知识在那里说,“我信,就有永生。”人可能把“信就有永生”演成一个公式:第一,我听福音;第二,我明白了;第三,我相信了;第四,我知道有永生。但这种公式的“得救”是靠不住地。圣经告诉我们,在保罗的时候,就已经有假弟兄了(林后十一26加二4)。什么叫作假弟兄呢?就是有人自称是弟兄,其实不是弟兄;有人自称是属乎神的人,其实是没有生命的人。他们混到教会中来,是凭着道理进来的,是凭着知识进来的,是凭着公式进来的。那么我们怎能知道一个人的信是真的,或者是假的呢?我们怎能知道一个人在神面前的信心是活的,或者是一个公式呢?我们有什么方法去证明谁是属乎主的人,谁不是属乎主的呢?约翰的书信替我们解决了这个难处。约翰给我们一种鉴别的方法去认识,什么种的人是真弟兄,什么种的人是假弟兄;什么种的人是从神生的人,什么种的人不是从神生的人。现在我们要来看约翰告诉我们的这个鉴别的方法。
 
  全部圣经只有两个地方用“出死入生”这一句话:一处是在约五24,另一处是在约壹三14。我们把这两节圣经拿来比较一下。
  约五24:“那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”这里说,信的人是已经出死入生了。
  约壹三14:“我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。”这里说,出死入生是有凭据的,爱弟兄就是出死入生的凭据。
  比方:你与许多人交朋友,你很喜欢他们;或者,你佩服许多人,你很尊敬他们;但是,你对他们的感觉,与你对同胞兄弟姊妹的感觉,总是有些不同。若是有一个人是你母亲生的,是你的兄弟或姊妹,你就很自然的对他有一个特别的感觉,有一个莫名其妙的感觉。这一个感觉,是一个很自然的爱的感觉。你有这一个感觉,就证明你和他是一家。
  照样,在这里有一个人,他的外貌,他的家庭,他所受的教育,他的性情,他的兴趣,也许与你完全两样;可是,因为他也是相信主耶稣的,你对他就有一种说不出来的感觉,有一个莫名其妙的感觉,觉得这一位是你的弟兄,好像比你的亲兄弟还要亲。你有这一个感觉,就证明你是已经出死入生的人。
  约壹五1说,“凡信耶稣是基督的,都是从神而生;凡爱生他之神的,也必爱从神生的。”这里的话非常宝贵。你如果爱生你的神,你就必定爱神所生的,这是极其自然的。你不能说我爱神,而我对弟兄没有感觉。这是不可能的事。
  在你里面有一个“爱”,证明你从前那一个“信”是真的;因为你从前那一个“信”是真的,所以你就有了这一种说不出来的“爱”。这一个爱弟兄的心是很特别的,不是因为别的缘故而爱,只是因为他是弟兄而爱。不是因为他与你意气相投,所以你爱他,只是因为他是你的弟兄,所以你爱他。在这里有一个人,与你教育不一样,脾气不一样,家庭不一样,意见不一样,看法不一样,但是你爱他。就是因为他是一个信主的人,你也是个信主的人,你和他都是弟兄,你就自然而然与他有交通,对他有一种说不出来的感觉,有一种说不出来的味道。这一个感觉,这一个味道,就是你出死入生的凭据。你如果爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。
  不错,信心使你遇见神,信心使你出死入生,使你作一个神家里的人,使你得着了重生;但是,信心不只使你遇见父,信心也使你遇见弟兄。你一得着生命,就自然而然觉得全世界有这一个生命的人多得很,这一个生命就自然而然要你亲近那些与你得着同样生命的人。这生命使你喜欢接近他们,喜欢与他们来往,自然而然就有一个爱他们的心。
  约翰福音和约翰书信给我们看见,神所安排的是:“信”使我们出死入生;出死入生的人,就能够“爱”。我们凭着爱弟兄,就能知道自己是出死入生的人。这是一个非常可靠的方法,能试验出神的儿女在地上到底有多少。能相爱才是弟兄;如果不相爱,就不是弟兄。
  弟兄姊妹们!我们在神面前必须看见这件事,就是说,爱弟兄,是真信心的凭据。我们没有其他更好的方法分别什么人的信心是真的,什么人的信心是假的。如果我们没有辨别的能力,那么福音传得越完全,假冒的危险就越大;福音传得越透彻,假冒的人就越容易混进来;福音越是传得满了恩典,马虎随便的人就越多。所以,我们总得有一条分别的路,总得找出一个方法来,认清谁是真的信,谁是假的信。约翰的书信明显的给我们看见,分别真的信心和假的信心的路,不是在信心里,而是在爱心里。不是问信心如何,而是问爱心如何。信心如果是对的,就必定有爱心。没有爱,就证明没有信;有爱,就证明有信。我们从爱这一边去看信,就能看得清楚。
  要知道一个人是不是真基督徒,只要看他对于神其他的儿女,有没有一种特别的味道,特别的吸引力。神所给我们的生命,不是一个独立生存的生命。神所给我们的生命,自然而然要我们与别的得着同样生命的人接近,自然而然要我们与别的得着同样生命的人相爱,有互相亲密的感觉。有这一个感觉的人,就是已经出死入生的人。
 
  约壹三11:“我们应当彼此相爱;这就是你们从起初所听见的命令。”
  还有三章二十三节:“神的命令就是叫我们信祂儿子耶稣基督的名,且照祂所赐给我们的命令彼此相爱。”
  彼此相爱乃是神的命令。神命令我们作两件事:(一)信祂儿子耶稣基督的名;(二)彼此相爱。我们已经把相信这一件事作了,对于下面那一个爱就也应当作。神给我们那一个爱,神也给我们一个爱的命令。神先赐给我们那一个爱,然后给我们那一个爱的命令,要我们彼此相爱。今天我们要将神所给我们的那一个爱,照着神的命令来彼此相爱。神所摆在我们里面的爱,我们要按着它的性质来用它,不应当毁它、伤它。
  还有四7~8:“亲爱的弟兄啊,我们应当彼此相爱;因为爱是从神来的;凡有爱心的,都是由神而生,并且认识神。没有爱心的,就不认识神;因为神就是爱。”
  我们为什么要彼此相爱?因为爱是从神来的。有爱的人都是由神而生,没有爱的人就不认识神,因为神自己就是爱。神生我们的时候,也把爱生在我们里面。从前,我们里面没有爱,但今天我们里面有爱。今天有这一个爱,就是从神来的。每一个从神生的人,神都把爱生在他们里面。神给你有爱,神也给他有爱,所以能够彼此相爱。
  从神生的就得着生命,这一个生命就是神自己;神就是爱,所以从神生的,就有这样的爱生在他里面。我们从神得着的那一个生命,就是爱的生命。所有从神生的人,都有爱在他们里面,每一个有爱的人,就自然而然能彼此相爱。所以,如果我们不能彼此相爱,那是希奇的事。神赐给每一个基督徒一个爱的生命,神就根据这一个生命,给一个命令说,“应当彼此相爱。”神先给爱,然后说要爱。神先给爱的生命,然后给爱的命令,我们应该低下头来说,“感谢神,神的儿女能彼此相爱!”
 
  现在我们要把约翰一书中关于这一类的圣经节,特别提出来看一下。
  二9~11:“人若说自己在光明中,却恨他的弟兄,他到如今还是在黑暗里。爱弟兄的就是住在光明中,在他并没有绊跌的缘由。唯独恨弟兄的是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行,也不知道往哪里去,因为黑暗叫他眼睛瞎了。”清楚么?一个人是不是弟兄,-约翰一书一个人是不是在光中,-约翰一书一个人是不是在黑暗里,只要看他恨不恨弟兄就能知道。
  如果有一个人知道你是弟兄,而他在心里竟然能恨你,这就足够证明他不是一个基督徒。他看见了五个弟兄,他如果说,“有四个我都爱他们,有一个我心里恨他。”这就证明他自己还不是弟兄。我们要知道,爱弟兄并不是因为他可爱才爱,乃是因为他是弟兄,所以爱。因为是弟兄,所以爱他,这是唯一的原因。所以,如果在这里有一个人,他知道你是弟兄,他知道你是属乎主的,而他还能恨你,那就证明他在里面没有生命。因为这里的话是说,“恨弟兄的是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行。”住是住在黑暗里,行也行在黑暗里。换句话说,圣经根本不承认有恨弟兄的事,根本不相信有这一个可能。如果有一个人,你知道他是弟兄,而你竟然恨他,那你自己只得说,“主,我不是住在光明中的人,我是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行的人!”
  三10节:“从此就显出谁是神的儿女…,凡不行义的,就不属神;不爱弟兄的也是如此。”所以,外面不行义的人,是不属乎神的;里面没有爱弟兄的感觉的人,也是不属乎神的。不爱弟兄的人,就不是属乎神的人,因为在他里面没有那一个爱,在他里面没有那一个感觉。从这里就显出谁是神的儿女。
  三14节下半:“没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”这一个爱不是指着普通的爱,乃是指着爱弟兄的爱。如果有人在里面没有这一个爱弟兄的心,圣经就指给我们看,他是“仍住在死中”。在-约翰一书一个人没有相信主的时候,对于别的信主的人,-约翰一书一点感觉都没有,-约翰一书一点吸引都没有,那不足为奇。可是他相信了主以后,如果对于这些信主的人还是没有感觉,还是没有吸引,那就太希奇了。这可能是因为他的信心靠不住。“没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”他从前是死的,今天恐怕还是死的。因为信心是用爱心来作凭据的。人的信心靠得住靠不住,就在乎有没有爱生出来。相信神的人,就生出爱弟兄的心来;如果生不出爱弟兄的心来,这就证明他仍住在死中。
  三15节:“凡恨他弟兄的,就是杀人的;你们晓得凡杀人的,没有永生存在他里面。”你绝不能说,-约翰一书一个人相信主了,还是杀人。圣经告诉我们,恨弟兄就是杀人。-约翰一书一个有永生的人,他应该不会恨弟兄。会恨弟兄,就证明他在里面没有爱,没有永生。
  在神的儿女中,能有许多的情形,可是在神的儿女中不能有恨。如果有一个弟兄有一种很不好的情形,我们心里可以不喜欢他;如果有一个弟兄犯了应该被革除的罪,我们也许会发怒的对付这件事;如果有一个弟兄作了一件很不好的事,我们可以把他请来,在主面前很重的责备他;但是,我们不能恨他,如果有人恨他,就证明这个人没有永生存在他里面。
  凡是神的儿女,他里面的生命都是丰富到一个地步,能叫他爱所有的弟兄姊妹。只要有一个人是属乎主的,他里面的爱就会出来。爱一个弟兄,与爱所有的弟兄是一样的。因为爱弟兄的心摆在这一个人身上是这样,摆在那一个人身上也是这样。这一个爱弟兄的心,对于所有的弟兄都没有分别。只要是弟兄,它都能爱。如果有人恨一个弟兄,这个人就是没有永生存在里面的人。不必恨所有的弟兄,只要恨一个弟兄,就足够证明他缺了那一个爱弟兄的爱。爱弟兄的爱,是能爱所有弟兄的。
  所以,这是一个非常严肃的问题。如果有一个信徒,不爱另外一个弟兄,恨另外一个弟兄,甚至于欺负另外一个弟兄,攻击另外一个弟兄,那我们只能说,“神啊!求你怜悯!在这里有一个人,自己以为是信徒,其实根本没有得救!”只要他对一个弟兄有恨,就足够证明他这一个人不是属乎主的。这是相当严肃的事!
  正常的情形是这样的:假使有一位弟兄,他所作的许多事情,你不以为然,你可以劝戒他、责备他,但是你不恨他。如果他作一件事,使你很生气,你能发怒到一个地步,用很重的话责备他,但是你里面没有恨。你就是要像马太十八章所说的那样“告诉教会”,你的目的还是为要得着他,还是为要挽回他。如果你对于他除了攻击和拆毁之外,没有一点挽回的意思,那就证明你不是一个弟兄。马太十八章的那一个弟兄所以告诉教会,目的是要得着他的弟兄。所以,问题是在这里:你的目的是为着拆毁呢,或者是为要得着?这是相当严重的问题,我们不要以为是简单的事!
  像对于林前五章所说的那一个行淫乱的人,保罗说,“你们应当把那恶人从你们中间赶出去。”(13)保罗起初因为他们不把行这样事的人赶出去,就奉主耶稣的名,并用主耶稣的权能,把那一个人交给撒但,败坏他的肉体。这样的对付重么?真是重到不能再重了。可是保罗为什么这样作?乃是要“使他的灵魂在主耶稣的日子可以得救。”(5)所以要叫他的肉体在目前受败坏,目的乃是要他不受永远的损失。马太十八章的“告诉教会”,存心是为着挽回;林前五章的革除,存心也是为着挽回。
  当约书亚审判亚干的时候,他说,“我儿,我劝你将荣耀归给耶和华以色列的神。…”(书七19。)虽然亚干犯了大罪,可是他对亚干说话的时候是这一种的灵,满了爱弟兄的心。
  当报信的少年人把扫罗死的消息告诉大卫的时候,大卫就撕裂衣服,悲哀哭号,禁食到晚上(撒下一11~12)。当有人把押沙龙死的消息告诉大卫的时候,大卫就心里伤恸,哀哭说,“我儿押沙龙啊,我恨不得替你死!”(十八33。)扫罗是与他为敌的君王,押沙龙是他悖逆的儿子,这样的人死了,大卫还在那里哀哭。他不能不打仗,不能不刑罚,但是也不能不哭;他不能不审判,不能不定罪,但是也不能不流泪。
  弟兄姊妹们!如果有人只有审判,而没有眼泪;只有定罪,而不感觉难受,那就证明这一个人不知道什么叫作爱弟兄。如果有人对弟兄有责备,只是拆毁,那就证明他里面没有爱,只有恨。恨弟兄就是杀弟兄!这是十分严重的一件事!
  从前有弟兄写信问达秘关于革除的事,达秘第一句话就说,“我想,个罪蒙赦免的罪人,去革除另外一个罪人,这是全世界最可怕的事。”全世界上没有第二件事比这一件事再可怕,就是一个罪得着赦免的罪人,去革除另外一个罪人。达秘这样的态度,是出乎爱的生命的态度。不错,许多事情需要对付;在教会中如有必要;可以革除犯罪的弟兄姊妹;但是,在对付的时候,里面必须没有恨。
  约壹四20~21:“人若说,我爱神,却恨他的弟兄,就是说谎话的;不爱他所看见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。爱神的,也当爱弟兄,这是我们从神所受的命令。”约翰在这里给我们看见,爱弟兄就是爱神。不爱看得见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。你如果要爱神,你就应当爱弟兄。这是我们从神那里所得着的命令。
  所以我们要小心,我们不应该作得罪爱的事。不要随便得罪弟兄。要相爱,要尊重你里面爱弟兄的心,不要把你里面爱弟兄的心伤了。神把爱弟兄的心放在我们里面,是要我们用着它去服事弟兄,帮助弟兄。我们应该让爱弟兄的心越长越刚强,越长越有力量。
  三17节:“凡有世上财物的,看见弟兄穷乏,却塞住怜恤的心,爱神的心怎能存在他里面呢?”约翰不说“爱弟兄的心怎能存在他里面呢”,而说“爱神的心怎能存在他里面呢”,因为爱神的心就是爱弟兄的心,爱弟兄的心就是爱神的心。人如果塞住了怜悯弟兄的心,那么他爱神的心也就没有了。他不能自己欺骗自己说,“我虽然不爱弟兄,但是我爱神。”我们和弟兄的关系,是从神来的;如果和弟兄没有关系,那就是和神没有关系;如果弃绝弟兄,自然爱神的心不在里面了。
 
  三章十六节:“主为我们舍命,我们从此就知道何为爱。”什么叫作爱弟兄的心呢?约翰替我们解释了。我们本来不容易知道爱是什么东西,当我们看见了主如何为我们舍命,我们就知道什么是爱。所以约翰接下去说,“我们也当为弟兄舍命。”爱弟兄的心,就是对所有的弟兄姊妹有一种丢掉自己去服事他们的心,有一种舍弃自己去成全他们的心,甚至于能够为着弟兄舍去自己的性命。
  三章十八节:“小子们哪!我们相爱,不要只在言语和舌头上;总要在行为和诚实上。”爱弟兄不是说一句空话了事,是要在行为和诚实上显明出来的。
  四10~12:“不是我们爱神,乃是神爱我们,差祂的儿子,为我们的罪作了挽回祭,这就是爱了。亲爱的弟兄啊!神既是这样爱我们,我们也当彼此相爱。从来没有人见过神;我们若彼此相爱,神就住在我们里面,爱祂的心在我们里面得以完全了。”这给我们看见,爱神是与我们彼此相爱分不开的。我们如果彼此相爱,爱神的心在我们里面就得以完全了。换句话说,今天神把许多弟兄摆在我们面前,他们就是我们实习爱神的对象。我们如果彼此相爱,爱神的心在我们里面就完全了。我们不要空口在那里说爱神,我们要实际的学习爱弟兄。空口说爱,是虚空的。爱神,是必须在爱弟兄的事上彰显出来的。
  五2~3:“我们若爱神,又遵守祂的诫命,从此就知道我们爱神的儿女。我们遵守神的诫命,这就是爱祂了。”我们如果爱神,就必须遵守祂的诫命;我们要爱神的儿女,也必须遵守祂的诫命。比方:神的命令是要我们受浸,可是,有许多神的儿女意见不同,对我们说,“我们不赞成受浸,你如果爱我们,就不应当去受浸,你如果去受浸,就要伤我们。”那怎么办呢?还有,神的命令是要我们脱离宗派,不可有分门别类的事;可是,有许多神的儿女拥护宗派,对我们说,“你不应该脱离宗派,你如果脱离宗派,你就伤了我们。”那怎么办呢?如果要爱神,那就要脱离宗派;如果要爱弟兄,那就不能脱离宗派;岂不是进退两难么?但是约翰的话告诉我们:“我们若爱神,又遵守祂的诫命,从此就知道我们爱神的儿女。”换句话说,如果神有命令,而你不遵守,你就不能说你爱神的儿女。譬如有一个弟兄,神指示他应该受浸,他如果爱神的儿女,就应该去受浸。因为他如果不受浸,那就会影响许多神的儿女也不拣选受浸,那就拦阻了他们的顺服神,这并不是爱他们。你如果遵守神所有的诫命,从此就知道你爱神的儿女,因为你走顺服的路,其他的儿女就也有顺服的路走。你如果恐怕伤他们而不作,那么,你没有路走,他们也没有路走。所以,你要学习爱神,并且遵守祂所有的诫命,从此就知道你爱神的儿女。我们必须遵守神所有的命令,只有这样,才能够把神的儿女都带上顺服神的路。再说一个比方:假使你的父母不许你信主,那你怎么办呢?难道为着爱他们的缘故你就不信主么?你如果听他们的话不信主,那绝不是爱!你不听他们的话而信了主,虽然他们生气,但是你开了一条路,叫他们也能信主,这才是爱!
  不过,我们在态度和言语上千万不要得罪他们。顺服神的命令,听从神的命令,是应该的,可是在态度上,在言语上,要不得罪他们。我们要持守神的真理,我们也要维持爱。我们从起头就要学习公义,但是要不失去爱。我们不要光注重神的生命是圣洁的一方面,而忽略了神的生命是爱的一方面,这两方面要平衡才对。我们要顺服神,但是我们的态度必须温柔。我们在任何的情形中都要不得罪爱。如果一件事情是必须作的,就去作;但不能作得罪爱的事。态度要温柔,即使和弟兄意见不同的时候也要温柔,要充满着爱对他说,“弟兄!我巴不得也能看见你所看见的,但是神给我看见这一个,我非顺服不可。”不委屈神的话,也不得罪爱。一面要顺服,一面要爱。总要给他们看见,你不是凭着自己这样作的,而是因神这样说,所以你才这样作。你的态度要对,应该充满了温柔。这样,你就能得着许多弟兄姊妹。
 
  约壹四16下半:“神就是爱;住在爱里面的,就是住在神里面,神也住在他里面。”这是在本书中第二次说“神就是爱”。因为神就是爱,所以神要我们爱弟兄,并且住在爱里面。我们只要住在爱里面,就是住在神里面。
  四17~18:“这样,爱在我们里面得以完全,我们就可以在审判的日子,坦然无惧;…爱里没有惧怕;爱既完全,就把惧怕除去。”全部圣经,只有约壹四章告诉我们,怎样才能站在审判台前不惧怕。它把秘诀告诉我们──要住在爱里面。住在爱里面,就是住在神里面。爱在我们里面得以完全,我们在审判的日子就可以坦然无惧。
  所以,我们对于弟兄姊妹应该只有个意念,就是要爱他们,要得着他们,要使他们得着最高的益处。要没有恨,只有爱。这一种的行为,在我们身上是一种操练;到了有一天,我们整个人住在爱里面,爱也住在我们里面,我们活在地上,就能把所有的惧怕除去。我们爱,我们就不怕。到了审判台前,我们站在那里也不惧怕。这一个爱的生命,能在弟兄中间作到一个地步,完全除去惧怕。圣灵的这一个果子──爱,能使我们站在审判台前坦然无惧。
  我们已经看见:爱弟兄就是爱神;爱弟兄叫我们爱神的心得以完全;我们能够爱弟兄爱到完全的地步,对弟兄没有惧怕的心。爱神与爱弟兄,这两个是并行的。我们如果要爱神,就要在地上爱弟兄。这样,爱在我们里面得以完全,我们就可以在审判的日子坦然无惧。这是一件奇妙的事。
  但愿我们一起头就好好的学习爱弟兄,让爱的生命在我们身上有出路。
  读经:  约翰福音五章二十四节:“我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”
--------本段经节汇集--------
我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永远的生命,不至于受审判,乃是已经出死入生了。
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  约翰一书三章十四节:“我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”
--------本段经节汇集--------
我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。不爱弟兄的,仍住在死中。
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  约翰福音是四福音中最后写的,约翰书信也是所有书信中最后写的。在约翰福音之前,有马太、马可和路加三卷福音,讲到主耶稣的许多事迹和教训;到约翰写福音书的时候,就把神的儿子来到地上的那一个最高、最属灵的点指给我们看见。他特别清楚地告诉我们,什么人能够得到永生。他一直给我们看见,信的人有永生。在约翰福音里,充满了信。人一信主,就得着永生,这是约翰福音的题目,这是约翰所注重的点。别的福音所没有特别注重的,约翰福音就特别的注重。约翰五章二十四节说,“我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”换句话说,听而信的人,就是出死入生的人。这个福音的门,是开得很大的。
--------本段经节汇集--------
我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永远的生命,不至于受审判,乃是已经出死入生了。
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  到了书信,保罗、彼得和其他使徒也来把“信”解释得非常清楚,给我们看见,每一个信主的人,都能得着恩典。可是到最后,约翰写的书信却注重到另一方面。当其他的书信都注重在神面前的信心的时候,他却注重在神面前实际的行为──爱。其他的书信说信的人得着称义,信的人得着赦免,信的人得着洁净,约翰的书信却说信的人必须有凭据──爱。  我们如果问有的人说,“你怎么知道你有永生?”他也许会回答说,“神的话这样说。”但这是不够可靠的,因为他可能凭着头脑这样说,不一定真相信神的话。所以约翰在他的书信里给我们看见,人如果说他自己是有生命的,他必定有凭据;人如果说他自己是属乎神的,在他身上必定有一个彰显,必定有一个见证。  人可能凭着知识在那里说,“我信,就有永生。”人可能把“信就有永生”演成一个公式:第一,我听福音;第二,我明白了;第三,我相信了;第四,我知道有永生。但这种公式的“得救”是靠不住地。圣经告诉我们,在保罗的时候,就已经有假弟兄了(林后十一26,加二4)。什么叫作假弟兄呢?就是有人自称是弟兄,其实不是弟兄;有人自称是属乎神的人,其实是没有生命的人。他们混到教会中来,是凭着道理进来的,是凭着知识进来的,是凭着公式进来的。那么我们怎能知道一个人的信是真的,或者是假的呢?我们怎能知道一个人在神面前的信心是活的,或者是一个公式呢?我们有什么方法去证明谁是属乎主的人,谁不是属乎主的呢?约翰的书信替我们解决了这个难处。约翰给我们一种鉴别的方法去认识,什么种的人是真弟兄,什么种的人是假弟兄;什么种的人是从神生的人,什么种的人不是从神生的人。现在我们要来看约翰告诉我们的这个鉴别的方法。
--------本段经节汇集--------
屡次行远路,遭江河的危险、盗贼的危险、同族的危险、外邦人的危险、城里的危险、旷野的危险、海中的危险、假弟兄中的危险;
加2:4  
因为有偷着引进来的假弟兄,他们偷着进来,要窥探我们在基督耶稣里所得的自由,为要强制我们作奴隶;
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  全部圣经只有两个地方用“出死入生”这一句话:一处是在约翰五章二十四节,另一处是在约壹三章十四节。我们把这两节圣经拿来比较一下。
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我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永远的生命,不至于受审判,乃是已经出死入生了。
我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。不爱弟兄的,仍住在死中。
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  约翰五章二十四节:“那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”这里说,信的人是已经出死入生了。
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我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永远的生命,不至于受审判,乃是已经出死入生了。
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  约壹三章十四节:“我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。”这里说,出死入生是有凭据的,爱弟兄就是出死入生的凭据。
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我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。不爱弟兄的,仍住在死中。
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  比方:你与许多人交朋友,你很喜欢他们;或者,你佩服许多人,你很尊敬他们;但是,你对他们的感觉,与你对同胞兄弟姊妹的感觉,总是有些不同。若是有一个人是你母亲生的,是你的兄弟或姊妹,你就很自然的对他有一个特别的感觉,有一个莫名其妙的感觉。这一个感觉,是一个很自然的爱的感觉。你有这一个感觉,就证明你和他是一家。  照样,在这里有一个人,他的外貌,他的家庭,他所受的教育,他的性情,他的兴趣,也许与你完全两样;可是,因为他也是相信主耶稣的,你对他就有一种说不出来的感觉,有一个莫名其妙的感觉,觉得这一位是你的弟兄,好像比你的亲兄弟还要亲。你有这一个感觉,就证明你是已经出死入生的人。  约壹五章一节说,“凡信耶稣是基督的,都是从神而生;凡爱生他之神的,也必爱从神生的。”这里的话非常宝贵。你如果爱生你的神,你就必定爱神所生的,这是极其自然的。你不能说我爱神,而我对弟兄没有感觉。这是不可能的事。
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凡信耶稣是基督的,都是从神生的;凡爱那生他的,也爱从祂生的。
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  在你里面有一个“爱”,证明你从前那一个“信”是真的;因为你从前那一个“信”是真的,所以你就有了这一种说不出来的“爱”。这一个爱弟兄的心是很特别的,不是因为别的缘故而爱,只是因为他是弟兄而爱。不是因为他与你意气相投,所以你爱他,只是因为他是你的弟兄,所以你爱他。在这里有一个人,与你教育不一样,脾气不一样,家庭不一样,意见不一样,看法不一样,但是你爱他。就是因为他是一个信主的人,你也是一个信主的人,你和他都是弟兄,你就自然而然与他有交通,对他有一种说不出来的感觉,有一种说不出来的味道。这一个感觉,这一个味道,就是你出死入生的凭据。你如果爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。  不错,信心使你遇见神,信心使你出死入生,使你作一个神家里的人,使你得着了重生;但是,信心不只使你遇见父,信心也使你遇见弟兄。你一得着生命,就自然而然觉得全世界有这一个生命的人多得很,这一个生命就自然而然要你亲近那些与你得着同样生命的人。这生命使你喜欢接近他们,喜欢与他们来往,自然而然就有一个爱他们的心。  约翰福音和约翰书信给我们看见,神所安排的是:“信”使我们出死入生;出死入生的人,就能够“爱”。我们凭着爱弟兄,就能知道自己是出死入生的人。这是一个非常可靠的方法,能试验出神的儿女在地上到底有多少。能相爱才是弟兄;如果不相爱,就不是弟兄。  弟兄姊妹们!我们在神面前必须看见这件事,就是说,爱弟兄,是真信心的凭据。我们没有其他更好的方法分别什么人的信心是真的,什么人的信心是假的。如果我们没有辨别的能力,那么福音传得越完全,假冒的危险就越大;福音传得越透彻,假冒的人就越容易混进来;福音越是传得满了恩典,马虎随便的人就越多。所以,我们总得有一条分别的路,总得找出一个方法来,认清谁是真的信,谁是假的信。约翰的书信明显的给我们看见,分别真的信心和假的信心的路,不是在信心里,而是在爱心里。不是问信心如何,而是问爱心如何。信心如果是对的,就必定有爱心。没有爱,就证明没有信;有爱,就证明有信。我们从爱这一边去看信,就能看得清楚。  要知道一个人是不是真基督徒,只要看他对于神其他的儿女,有没有一种特别的味道,特别的吸引力。神所给我们的生命,不是一个独立生存的生命。神所给我们的生命,自然而然要我们与别的得着同样生命的人接近,自然而然要我们与别的得着同样生命的人相爱,有互相亲密的感觉。有这一个感觉的人,就是已经出死入生的人。
 
  约壹三章十一节:“我们应当彼此相爱;这就是你们从起初所听见的命令。”
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我们应当彼此相爱,这就是你们从起初所听见的信息;
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  还有三章二十三节:“神的命令就是叫我们信祂儿子耶稣基督的名,且照祂所赐给我们的命令彼此相爱。”  彼此相爱乃是神的命令。神命令我们作两件事:(一)信祂儿子耶稣基督的名;(二)彼此相爱。我们已经把相信这一件事作了,对于下面那一个爱就也应当作。神给我们那一个爱,神也给我们一个爱的命令。神先赐给我们那一个爱,然后给我们那一个爱的命令,要我们彼此相爱。今天我们要将神所给我们的那一个爱,照着神的命令来彼此相爱。神所摆在我们里面的爱,我们要按着它的性质来用它,不应当毁它、伤它。  还有四章七至八节:“亲爱的弟兄啊,我们应当彼此相爱;因为爱是从神来的;凡有爱心的,都是由神而生,并且认识神。没有爱心的,就不认识神;因为神就是爱。”  我们为什么要彼此相爱?因为爱是从神来的。有爱的人都是由神而生,没有爱的人就不认识神,因为神自己就是爱。神生我们的时候,也把爱生在我们里面。从前,我们里面没有爱,但今天我们里面有爱。今天有这一个爱,就是从神来的。每一个从神生的人,神都把爱生在他们里面。神给你有爱,神也给他有爱,所以能够彼此相爱。  从神生的就得着生命,这一个生命就是神自己;神就是爱,所以从神生的,就有这样的爱生在他里面。我们从神得着的那一个生命,就是爱的生命。所有从神生的人,都有爱在他们里面,每一个有爱的人,就自然而然能彼此相爱。所以,如果我们不能彼此相爱,那是希奇的事。神赐给每一个基督徒一个爱的生命,神就根据这一个生命,给一个命令说,“应当彼此相爱。”神先给爱,然后说要爱。神先给爱的生命,然后给爱的命令,我们应该低下头来说,“感谢神,神的儿女能彼此相爱!”
 
  现在我们要把约翰一书中关于这一类的圣经节,特别提出来看一下。  二章九至十一节:“人若说自己在光明中,却恨他的弟兄,他到如今还是在黑暗里。爱弟兄的就是住在光明中,在他并没有绊跌的缘由。唯独恨弟兄的是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行,也不知道往哪里去,因为黑暗叫他眼睛瞎了。”清楚么?一个人是不是弟兄,一个人是不是在光中,一个人是不是在黑暗里,只要看他恨不恨弟兄就能知道。  如果有一个人知道你是弟兄,而他在心里竟然能恨你,这就足够证明他不是一个基督徒。他看见了五个弟兄,他如果说,“有四个我都爱他们,有一个我心里恨他。”这就证明他自己还不是弟兄。我们要知道,爱弟兄并不是因为他可爱才爱,乃是因为他是弟兄,所以爱。因为是弟兄,所以爱他,这是唯一的原因。所以,如果在这里有一个人,他知道你是弟兄,他知道你是属乎主的,而他还能恨你,那就证明他在里面没有生命。因为这里的话是说,“恨弟兄的是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行。”住是住在黑暗里,行也行在黑暗里。换句话说,圣经根本不承认有恨弟兄的事,根本不相信有这一个可能。如果有一个人,你知道他是弟兄,而你竟然恨他,那你自己只得说,“主,我不是住在光明中的人,我是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行的人!”  三章十节:“从此就显出谁是神的儿女…,凡不行义的,就不属神;不爱弟兄的也是如此。”所以,外面不行义的人,是不属乎神的;里面没有爱弟兄的感觉的人,也是不属乎神的。不爱弟兄的人,就不是属乎神的人,因为在他里面没有那一个爱,在他里面没有那一个感觉。从这里就显出谁是神的儿女。  三章十四节下半:“没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”这一个爱不是指着普通的爱,乃是指着爱弟兄的爱。如果有人在里面没有这一个爱弟兄的心,圣经就指给我们看,他是“仍住在死中”。在一个人没有相信主的时候,对于别的信主的人,一点感觉都没有,一点吸引都没有,那不足为奇。可是他相信了主以后,如果对于这些信主的人还是没有感觉,还是没有吸引,那就太希奇了。这可能是因为他的信心靠不住。“没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”他从前是死的,今天恐怕还是死的。因为信心是用爱心来作凭据的。人的信心靠得住靠不住,就在乎有没有爱生出来。相信神的人,就生出爱弟兄的心来;如果生不出爱弟兄的心来,这就证明他仍住在死中。  三章十五节:“凡恨他弟兄的,就是杀人的;你们晓得凡杀人的,没有永生存在他里面。”你绝不能说,一个人相信主了,还是杀人。圣经告诉我们,恨弟兄就是杀人。一个有永生的人,他应该不会恨弟兄。会恨弟兄,就证明他在里面没有爱,没有永生。  在神的儿女中,能有许多的情形,可是在神的儿女中不能有恨。如果有一个弟兄有一种很不好的情形,我们心里可以不喜欢他;如果有一个弟兄犯了应该被革除的罪,我们也许会发怒的对付这件事;如果有一个弟兄作了一件很不好的事,我们可以把他请来,在主面前很重的责备他;但是,我们不能恨他,如果有人恨他,就证明这个人没有永生存在他里面。  凡是神的儿女,他里面的生命都是丰富到一个地步,能叫他爱所有的弟兄姊妹。只要有一个人是属乎主的,他里面的爱就会出来。爱一个弟兄,与爱所有的弟兄是一样的。因为爱弟兄的心摆在这一个人身上是这样,摆在那一个人身上也是这样。这一个爱弟兄的心,对于所有的弟兄都没有分别。只要是弟兄,它都能爱。如果有人恨一个弟兄,这个人就是没有永生存在里面的人。不必恨所有的弟兄,只要恨一个弟兄,就足够证明他缺了那一个爱弟兄的爱。爱弟兄的爱,是能爱所有弟兄的。  所以,这是一个非常严肃的问题。如果有一个信徒,不爱另外一个弟兄,恨另外一个弟兄,甚至于欺负另外一个弟兄,攻击另外一个弟兄,那我们只能说,“神啊!求你怜悯!在这里有一个人,自己以为是信徒,其实根本没有得救!”只要他对一个弟兄有恨,就足够证明他这一个人不是属乎主的。这是相当严肃的事!  正常的情形是这样的:假使有一位弟兄,他所作的许多事情,你不以为然,你可以劝戒他、责备他,但是你不恨他。如果他作一件事,使你很生气,你能发怒到一个地步,用很重的话责备他,但是你里面没有恨。你就是要像马太十八章所说的那样“告诉教会”,你的目的还是为要得着他,还是为要挽回他。如果你对于他除了攻击和拆毁之外,没有一点挽回的意思,那就证明你不是一个弟兄。马太十八章的那一个弟兄所以告诉教会,目的是要得着他的弟兄。所以,问题是在这里:你的目的是为着拆毁呢,或者是为要得着?这是相当严重的问题,我们不要以为是简单的事!
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马太福音十八章(略,若需要被汇集,请勾选“不忽略整章”)
马太福音十八章(略,若需要被汇集,请勾选“不忽略整章”)
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  像对于林前五章所说的那一个行淫乱的人,保罗说,“你们应当把那恶人从你们中间赶出去。”(13)保罗起初因为他们不把行这样事的人赶出去,就奉主耶稣的名,并用主耶稣的权能,把那一个人交给撒但,败坏他的肉体。这样的对付重么?真是重到不能再重了。可是保罗为什么这样作?乃是要“使他的灵魂在主耶稣的日子可以得救。”(5)所以要叫他的肉体在目前受败坏,目的乃是要他不受永远的损失。马太十八章的“告诉教会”,存心是为着挽回;林前五章的革除,存心也是为着挽回。
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哥林多前书五章(略,若需要被汇集,请勾选“不忽略整章”)
至于召会外的人,有神审判他们。你们要把那恶人从你们中间挪开。
把这样的人交给撒但,使他的肉体受败坏,好叫他的灵在主的日子可以得救。
马太福音十八章(略,若需要被汇集,请勾选“不忽略整章”)
哥林多前书五章(略,若需要被汇集,请勾选“不忽略整章”)
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  当约书亚审判亚干的时候,他说,“我儿,我劝你将荣耀归给耶和华以色列的神。…”(书七19。)虽然亚干犯了大罪,可是他对亚干说话的时候是这一种的灵,满了爱弟兄的心。
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约书亚对亚干说,我儿,我劝你将荣耀归给耶和华以色列的神,向祂认罪,将你所作的事告诉我,不要向我隐瞒。
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  当报信的少年人把扫罗死的消息告诉大卫的时候,大卫就撕裂衣服,悲哀哭号,禁食到晚上(撒下一11~12)。当有人把押沙龙死的消息告诉大卫的时候,大卫就心里伤恸,哀哭说,“我儿押沙龙啊,我恨不得替你死!”(十八33。)扫罗是与他为敌的君王,押沙龙是他悖逆的儿子,这样的人死了,大卫还在那里哀哭。他不能不打仗,不能不刑罚,但是也不能不哭;他不能不审判,不能不定罪,但是也不能不流泪。
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大卫就把自己的衣服撕裂,跟随他的众人也都如此。
他们为扫罗和他儿子约拿单,为耶和华的民,并为以色列家,悲哀哭号,禁食到晚上,因为这些人都倒在刀下了。
王就心里伤恸,上城门楼去哀哭,一面走一面说,我儿押沙龙啊!我儿,我儿押沙龙!我恨不得替你死,押沙龙啊,我儿,我儿!
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  弟兄姊妹们!如果有人只有审判,而没有眼泪;只有定罪,而不感觉难受,那就证明这一个人不知道什么叫作爱弟兄。如果有人对弟兄有责备,只是拆毁,那就证明他里面没有爱,只有恨。恨弟兄就是杀弟兄!这是十分严重的一件事!  从前有弟兄写信问达秘关于革除的事,达秘第一句话就说,“我想,一个罪蒙赦免的罪人,去革除另外一个罪人,这是全世界最可怕的事。”全世界上没有第二件事比这一件事再可怕,就是一个罪得着赦免的罪人,去革除另外一个罪人。达秘这样的态度,是出乎爱的生命的态度。不错,许多事情需要对付;在教会中如有必要;可以革除犯罪的弟兄姊妹;但是,在对付的时候,里面必须没有恨。  约壹四章二十至二十一节:“人若说,我爱神,却恨他的弟兄,就是说谎话的;不爱他所看见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。爱神的,也当爱弟兄,这是我们从神所受的命令。”约翰在这里给我们看见,爱弟兄就是爱神。不爱看得见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。你如果要爱神,你就应当爱弟兄。这是我们从神那里所得着的命令。
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人若说,我爱神,却恨他的弟兄,就是说谎的;不爱他所看见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。
爱神的,也当爱他的弟兄,这是我们从祂所受的诫命。
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  所以我们要小心,我们不应该作得罪爱的事。不要随便得罪弟兄。要相爱,要尊重你里面爱弟兄的心,不要把你里面爱弟兄的心伤了。神把爱弟兄的心放在我们里面,是要我们用着它去服事弟兄,帮助弟兄。我们应该让爱弟兄的心越长越刚强,越长越有力量。  三章十七节:“凡有世上财物的,看见弟兄穷乏,却塞住怜恤的心,爱神的心怎能存在他里面呢?”约翰不说“爱弟兄的心怎能存在他里面呢”,而说“爱神的心怎能存在他里面呢”,因为爱神的心就是爱弟兄的心,爱弟兄的心就是爱神的心。人如果塞住了怜悯弟兄的心,那么他爱神的心也就没有了。他不能自己欺骗自己说,“我虽然不爱弟兄,但是我爱神。”我们和弟兄的关系,是从神来的;如果和弟兄没有关系,那就是和神没有关系;如果弃绝弟兄,自然爱神的心不在里面了。
 
  三章十六节:“主为我们舍命,我们从此就知道何为爱。”什么叫作爱弟兄的心呢?约翰替我们解释了。我们本来不容易知道爱是什么东西,当我们看见了主如何为我们舍命,我们就知道什么是爱。所以约翰接下去说,“我们也当为弟兄舍命。”爱弟兄的心,就是对所有的弟兄姊妹有一种丢掉自己去服事他们的心,有一种舍弃自己去成全他们的心,甚至于能够为着弟兄舍去自己的性命。  三章十八节:“小子们哪!我们相爱,不要只在言语和舌头上;总要在行为和诚实上。”爱弟兄不是说一句空话了事,是要在行为和诚实上显明出来的。  四章十至十二节:“不是我们爱神,乃是神爱我们,差祂的儿子,为我们的罪作了挽回祭,这就是爱了。亲爱的弟兄啊!神既是这样爱我们,我们也当彼此相爱。从来没有人见过神;我们若彼此相爱,神就住在我们里面,爱祂的心在我们里面得以完全了。”这给我们看见,爱神是与我们彼此相爱分不开的。我们如果彼此相爱,爱神的心在我们里面就得以完全了。换句话说,今天神把许多弟兄摆在我们面前,他们就是我们实习爱神的对象。我们如果彼此相爱,爱神的心在我们里面就完全了。我们不要空口在那里说爱神,我们要实际的学习爱弟兄。空口说爱,是虚空的。爱神,是必须在爱弟兄的事上彰显出来的。  五章二至三节:“我们若爱神,又遵守祂的诫命,从此就知道我们爱神的儿女。我们遵守神的诫命,这就是爱祂了。”我们如果爱神,就必须遵守祂的诫命;我们要爱神的儿女,也必须遵守祂的诫命。比方:神的命令是要我们受浸,可是,有许多神的儿女意见不同,对我们说,“我们不赞成受浸,你如果爱我们,就不应当去受浸,你如果去受浸,就要伤我们。”那怎么办呢?还有,神的命令是要我们脱离宗派,不可有分门别类的事;可是,有许多神的儿女拥护宗派,对我们说,“你不应该脱离宗派,你如果脱离宗派,你就伤了我们。”那怎么办呢?如果要爱神,那就要脱离宗派;如果要爱弟兄,那就不能脱离宗派;岂不是进退两难么?但是约翰的话告诉我们:“我们若爱神,又遵守祂的诫命,从此就知道我们爱神的儿女。”换句话说,如果神有命令,而你不遵守,你就不能说你爱神的儿女。譬如有一个弟兄,神指示他应该受浸,他如果爱神的儿女,就应该去受浸。因为他如果不受浸,那就会影响许多神的儿女也不拣选受浸,那就拦阻了他们的顺服神,这并不是爱他们。你如果遵守神所有的诫命,从此就知道你爱神的儿女,因为你走顺服的路,其他的儿女就也有顺服的路走。你如果恐怕伤他们而不作,那么,你没有路走,他们也没有路走。所以,你要学习爱神,并且遵守祂所有的诫命,从此就知道你爱神的儿女。我们必须遵守神所有的命令,只有这样,才能够把神的儿女都带上顺服神的路。再说一个比方:假使你的父母不许你信主,那你怎么办呢?难道为着爱他们的缘故你就不信主么?你如果听他们的话不信主,那绝不是爱!你不听他们的话而信了主,虽然他们生气,但是你开了一条路,叫他们也能信主,这才是爱!  不过,我们在态度和言语上千万不要得罪他们。顺服神的命令,听从神的命令,是应该的,可是在态度上,在言语上,要不得罪他们。我们要持守神的真理,我们也要维持爱。我们从起头就要学习公义,但是要不失去爱。我们不要光注重神的生命是圣洁的一方面,而忽略了神的生命是爱的一方面,这两方面要平衡才对。我们要顺服神,但是我们的态度必须温柔。我们在任何的情形中都要不得罪爱。如果一件事情是必须作的,就去作;但不能作得罪爱的事。态度要温柔,即使和弟兄意见不同的时候也要温柔,要充满着爱对他说,“弟兄!我巴不得也能看见你所看见的,但是神给我看见这一个,我非顺服不可。”不委屈神的话,也不得罪爱。一面要顺服,一面要爱。总要给他们看见,你不是凭着自己这样作的,而是因神这样说,所以你才这样作。你的态度要对,应该充满了温柔。这样,你就能得着许多弟兄姊妹。
 
  约壹四章十六节下半:“神就是爱;住在爱里面的,就是住在神里面,神也住在他里面。”这是在本书中第二次说“神就是爱”。因为神就是爱,所以神要我们爱弟兄,并且住在爱里面。我们只要住在爱里面,就是住在神里面。
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神在我们身上的爱,我们也知道也信。神就是爱,住在爱里面的,就住在神里面,神也住在他里面。
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  四章十七至十八节:“这样,爱在我们里面得以完全,我们就可以在审判的日子,坦然无惧;…爱里没有惧怕;爱既完全,就把惧怕除去。”全部圣经,只有约壹四章告诉我们,怎样才能站在审判台前不惧怕。它把秘诀告诉我们──要住在爱里面。住在爱里面,就是住在神里面。爱在我们里面得以完全,我们在审判的日子就可以坦然无惧。
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约翰一书四章(略,若需要被汇集,请勾选“不忽略整章”)
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  所以,我们对于弟兄姊妹应该只有一个意念,就是要爱他们,要得着他们,要使他们得着最高的益处。要没有恨,只有爱。这一种的行为,在我们身上是一种操练;到了有一天,我们整个人住在爱里面,爱也住在我们里面,我们活在地上,就能把所有的惧怕除去。我们爱,我们就不怕。到了审判台前,我们站在那里也不惧怕。这一个爱的生命,能在弟兄中间作到一个地步,完全除去惧怕。圣灵的这一个果子──爱,能使我们站在审判台前坦然无惧。  我们已经看见:爱弟兄就是爱神;爱弟兄叫我们爱神的心得以完全;我们能够爱弟兄爱到完全的地步,对弟兄没有惧怕的心。爱神与爱弟兄,这两个是并行的。我们如果要爱神,就要在地上爱弟兄。这样,爱在我们里面得以完全,我们就可以在审判的日子坦然无惧。这是一件奇妙的事。  但愿我们一起头就好好的学习爱弟兄,让爱的生命在我们身上有出路。
 Scripture Reading: John 5:24; 1 John 3:14
 The Gospel of John was the last Gospel written, and the Epistles of John were the last Epistles written. Before the Gospel of John there are three Gospels, the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, which cover many acts and teachings of the Lord Jesus. The Gospel of John shows us the highest and most spiritual things concerning the coming of the Son of God to earth. It tells us clearly what kind of people can receive eternal life. It repeatedly says that those who believe have eternal life. The Gospel of John is full of the matter of believing. A person receives eternal life when he believes. This is the subject and emphasis of the Gospel of John. The Gospel of John pays special attention to things that the other Gospels do not cover. John 5:24 says, “Truly, truly, I say to you, He who hears My word and believes Him who sent Me has eternal life, and does not come into judgment but has passed out of death into life.” In other words, those who hear and believe have passed out of death into life. Here the door of the gospel is very wide.
 When we come to the Epistles, Paul, Peter, and the other apostles also explain faith in a very clear way. They show us that every believer can receive grace. Yet when we come to the final Epistles, the Epistles written by John, we find the emphasis shifting to other things. While the other Epistles pay much attention to a man’s faith in God, John emphasizes one aspect of practical conduct before God. His Epistles speak of love. The other Epistles say that those who believe are justified, forgiven, and cleansed. But John’s Epistles say that a person’s faith must be evidenced by his love.
 If we ask someone, “How do you know that you have eternal life?” he may answer, “God’s Word says so.” But this is not quite enough. He may have spoken it out of his mental knowledge; he may not have truly believed in God’s Word. Therefore, John shows us in his Epistles that if a man says that he has eternal life, he must prove it. If a man says that he is of God, others must witness some kind of manifestation or testimony in him.
 A person may say, “I have believed; therefore, I have eternal life.” He may say this based on his knowledge. He can make the process of believing and having eternal life a formula: First, one hears the gospel; second, he understands; third, he believes; and fourth, he knows that he has eternal life. But this kind of formulaic “salvation” is not trustworthy. The Bible tells us that at the time of Paul there were false brothers (2 Cor. 11:26; Gal. 2:4). False brothers are those who call themselves brothers but are not actually brothers. Some claim to be of God but are actually void of life. They make their way into the church through doctrines, knowledge, and certain regulations. How can we know whether or not a person’s faith is genuine? How do we know whether a person’s faith before God is living or merely a formula? What way is there to prove who is of God and who is not? The Epistles of John settle this problem. John gave us a way to differentiate between true brothers and false brothers, between those who are born of God and those who are not born of God. Let us look at John’s way of discernment.
 
 
THE LIFE OF LOVE
 There are only two passages in the Bible which contain the phrase out of death into life. One is in John 5:24, and the other is in 1 John 3:14. Let us make a comparison between these two portions.
  John 5:24 says, “Truly, truly, I say to you, He who hears My word and believes Him who sent Me has eternal life, and does not come into judgment but has passed out of death into life.” Here it says that he who believes has passed out of death into life.
 First John 3:14 says, “We know that we have passed out of death into life because we love the brothers.” This verse speaks of the proof of one’s having passed out of death into life. The proof is love for the brothers.
 Suppose you have many friends and you like them very much, or you admire many people and respect them very much. There is still a difference between your feelings toward them and your feelings toward the brothers and sisters in your own family. Somehow, there is a difference. If a person is born of your mother, if he is your brother, there is spontaneously a special and inexplicable feeling toward him. It is a feeling of instinctive love. This feeling proves that you and he belong to the same family.
 The same holds true for our spiritual family. Suppose there is a person whose appearance, family background, education, disposition, and interest are totally different from yours. Yet he has believed in the Lord Jesus. Spontaneously, you will have an inexplicable feeling toward him. You will feel that he is your brother. He will be dearer to you than your brother in the flesh. This feeling proves that you have passed out of death into life.
 First John 5:1 says, “Everyone who believes that Jesus is the Christ has been begotten of God, and everyone who loves Him who has begotten loves him also who has been begotten of Him.” This is a very precious word. If you love God who has begotten you, it is only natural that you will love those who are begotten of God. It is impossible to say that you love God and yet have no feeling toward your brothers.
 This love is proof that the faith we have acquired is a genuine faith. Such unspeakable love can only issue from genuine faith. This love for the brothers is something very special. A person loves for no other reason than the fact that the other person is a brother. He does not love because there is a common bond of interest. He loves simply because the other person is his brother. It is possible for two persons with different educational backgrounds, temperaments, family backgrounds, opinions, and views to love each other simply because both are believers. Both are brothers, and spontaneously they have fellowship one with another. There is an unspeakable feeling and taste toward each other. This feeling and taste is the proof that they have passed out of death into life. We know that we have passed out of death into life if we love the brothers.
 It is true that faith brings us to God. Through faith we pass out of death into life, and through faith we are made members of the household of God and are regenerated. But faith brings us not only to the Father but also to the brothers. Once we have this life, we will have a feeling for the many people throughout the world who also have this life. Spontaneously, this life will draw us toward those who have the same life. This life takes pleasure in their presence; it delights in communicating with them and has a spontaneous love for them.
 The Gospel of John and the Epistles of John show us God’s ordained order: First, faith brings us out of death into life, and then those who have passed out of death into life have this love. By loving the brothers, we know that we have passed out of death into life. This is a very reliable way to ascertain the number of God’s children on earth. Only those who love one another are brothers; those who do not love one another are not brothers.
 Brothers and sisters! We must realize that in the eyes of God our love for the brothers is a test of the genuineness of our faith. We have no better way to tell whether a person’s faith is true or false. In the absence of this discernment, the more perfectly the gospel is preached, the greater will be the danger of counterfeits. The more thoroughly the gospel is preached, the easier it will be for false ones to come in. The more the gospel is preached with grace, the more careless ones will creep in. There must be a way to discern and recognize genuine faith from counterfeit faith. The Epistles of John show us clearly that the way to differentiate true faith from false faith is not through faith itself but through love. There is no need to ask how great one’s faith is. It is necessary only to ask how great his love is. Where there is genuine faith, there will be love. The lack of love proves the absence of faith. The presence of love proves the presence of faith. When we approach faith through the gateway of love, everything will become clear to us.
 Whether or not a person is a genuine Christian depends on whether he has a special taste for and attraction toward other children of God. The life which God has given us is not an independent life. It is a life which spontaneously draws us toward those with the same life. It loves and desires mutual intimacy. Those who have such feelings have passed out of death into life.
 
 
THE COMMANDMENT OF LOVE
 First John 3:11 says, “For this is the message which you heard from the beginning, that we should love one another.”
 Verse 23 says, “And this is His commandment, that we believe in the name of His Son Jesus Christ and love one another, even as He gave a commandment to us.”
 Loving one another is a commandment from God. God commands us to do two things: to believe in the name of His Son Jesus Christ and to love one another. We have already believed. Now we also should love. God gave us this love, and He also gave us the commandment to love. God first gave us this love and then He gave us the commandment to love one another. Today we must love one another according to God’s commandment. We must also love one another with the love which God has given us. We must exercise the love which God has put into us. We must apply it according to its nature. We should never quench it or hurt it.
 First John 4:7-8 says, “Beloved, let us love one another, because love is of God, and everyone who loves has been begotten of God and knows God. He who does not love has not known God, because God is love.”
 We must love one another, because love is of God. Those who have love are begotten of God. Those who do not love have not known God because God Himself is love. When God begot us, He also begot love in us. We were without love, but today we have love. Today the love we possess is from God. God has begotten love in everyone who is born of God. God has given love to both you and others. This is why we can love one another.
 Those who are begotten of God have received a life—a life which is God Himself. God is love; therefore, those who are begotten of God have such a love begotten within them. The life which we have received from God is a life of love. Everyone who is begotten of God has love in him, and everyone who has love in him spontaneously loves the brothers. It would be strange if we could not love one another. God gave every Christian a life of love. He also gave him the commandment of love based upon this life of love: “Let us love one another.” God first gives us the love, and then He tells us to love. He first gives us a life of love, and then the commandment of love. We should bow our heads and say, “Thank You! God’s children can now love one another.”
 
 
IF ONE DOES NOT LOVE THE BROTHERS
 Now let us consider all the verses under this category in 1 John.
 First John 2:9-11 says, “He who says he is in the light and yet hates his brother is in the darkness until now. He who loves his brother abides in the light, and there is no cause of stumbling in him; but he who hates his brother is in the darkness and walks in the darkness and does not know where he is going, because the darkness has blinded his eyes.” Are you clear? Whether or not a man is a brother and whether or not he walks in the light and turns away from darkness are determined by whether or not he loves his brother.
 If a person knows that you are a brother and yet he hates you in his heart, it proves that he is not a Christian. If he has seen five brothers and says, “I love four of them, but I hate one in my heart,” it proves that he is not a brother. We must realize that we do not love a brother because he is lovable but because he is a brother. We love him because he is a brother. This is the only reason for us to love. If a person knows that you are a brother and are of the Lord yet still hates you, it proves that he has no life in him. Here it says, “He who hates his brother is in the darkness and walks in the darkness.” He is in the darkness and he walks in the darkness. In other words, the Bible denies the possibility that anyone can hate his brothers; it does not accept this as a possibility at all. If you know that a person is a brother and yet hate him, you must say, “Lord, I am not walking in the light. I am in the darkness and am walking in the darkness.”
 First John 3:10 says, “In this the children of God...are manifest. Everyone who does not practice righteousness is not of God, neither he who does not love his brother.” He who does not practice righteousness outwardly is not of God. In the same way, he who does not have an inward love for his brother is not of God. He who does not love his brother is not of God, because this love and this feeling are not in him. In this the children of God are manifest.
 Verse 14 says, “He who does not love abides in death.” This love does not refer to ordinary love but to the love with which one loves his brothers. If a person does not have such a love for the brothers within him, the Bible says that he “abides in death.” We can understand why a person has no feeling or attraction for other believers before he believes. But it would be very strange if, after believing, he still has no feeling or attraction toward other believers. His faith may not be that genuine. “He who does not love abides in death.” Formerly, such a person was dead. I am afraid that he is still dead because faith is based on love. Whether or not a person’s faith is genuine depends on whether there is love. Those who believe in God have a love for the brothers. If love is absent, it proves that the person still abides in death.
 Verse 15 says, “Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that no murderer has eternal life abiding in him.” We cannot imagine that any person would still murder after becoming a believer. The Bible tells us that to hate one’s brother is to murder. A person who has eternal life should never hate his brother. Hating the brothers proves that there is no love in him. It means that eternal life is not in him.
 God’s children can be in many different conditions, but they can never hate. If there is a brother who is offensive in certain ways, we may not like him in our heart. If there is a brother who has committed a sin worthy of excommunication, we may deal with the matter with indignation. If there is a brother who has done something extremely evil, we may ask him to come to us and rebuke him severely before the Lord. But we can never hate our brothers. If a brother hates another brother, eternal life is not in him.
 Every child of God has a life rich enough to love all the brothers and sisters. As long as a person belongs to the Lord, he deserves a believer’s love. Our love for any one brother should be the same as our love for all the brothers. The brotherly love that is applied toward one brother should be equally applicable to all the brothers. This kind of love for the brothers makes no distinction. As long as one is a brother, he deserves this love. If anyone hates a brother, it proves that he does not have eternal life in him. He does not have to hate all the brothers. As long as he hates one brother, it is enough to prove that he does not have brotherly love in him. The brotherly love that we are speaking about is a love that loves all the brothers.
 This is a very sobering thought. If a believer does not love his brother but hates him instead, or if he threatens or attacks his brother, we can say only, “May God be merciful to him! Here is a person who thinks that he is a believer and yet he is not saved at all!” As long as he hates a brother, it proves that he is not of the Lord. This is a serious matter!
 Under normal circumstances, if a brother has done things which irritate you, you can exhort him and rebuke him, but you cannot hate him. If he has done something which provokes you, you may be angry with him and rebuke him severely. But there cannot be any hatred in you. Even if you “tell it to the church,” according to Matthew 18, your intention should still be to gain him and restore him. If you have no intention of restoring him and if your goal is only to attack him and tear him down, it proves that you are less than a brother. The brother spoken of in Matthew 18 told the church because he wanted to gain his brother. The whole issue is whether your goal is to tear down your brother or to gain him. This is quite a serious matter. We must not take it lightly!
 Concerning the fornicator in 1 Corinthians 5:13, Paul said, “Remove the evil man from among yourselves.” At the beginning Paul delivered such a one to Satan for the destruction of his flesh in the name of the Lord Jesus and with the power of the Lord Jesus because the Corinthians did not do anything to cast him out. Is this kind of dealing too severe? It was indeed extremely severe. But Paul did this so that the man’s spirit would be saved in the day of the Lord (v. 5). The purpose for his flesh being destroyed in the present time was so that he would not suffer eternal loss. The purpose of telling it “to the church” in Matthew 18 is for restoration; the removing in 1 Corinthians 5 is also for restoration.
 When Joshua judged Achan, he said, “My son, give glory to Jehovah” (Josh. 7:19). Though Achan had committed a great sin, he spoke to Achan with such a spirit and such brotherly love.
 David took hold of his clothes and tore them when a young messenger brought the news of Saul’s death to him. He mourned, wept, and fasted until the evening (2 Sam. 1:11-12). When someone told David about Absalom’s death, David was much moved. He wept, saying, “O my son Absalom! My son, my son Absalom! If only I had died instead of you!” (18:33). Saul was a king who hated David, and Absalom was David’s rebellious son. Yet David wept when they died. He had to fight the battles, and he had to judge, but he could not restrain his tears. He had to judge, and he had to condemn, but he could not hold back his tears.
 Brothers and sisters, if a person can only judge and condemn but has no tears or sadness, it proves that he does not know anything about brotherly love. If anyone rebukes a brother only for the purpose of tearing him down, such a one has no love in him, only hatred. To hate the brothers is to murder them! This is a very serious matter!
 A brother once wrote to J. N. Darby about the matter of excommunication. Darby’s first words were, “I think it is the most dreadful thing for a sinner whose sins have been forgiven to excommunicate another sinner.” There is nothing more dreadful than for a sinner whose sins are forgiven to excommunicate another sinner. Mr. Darby’s reaction was something that issued from a life of love. No doubt, there are many things which need to be addressed. We can excommunicate a sinful brother or sister from the church if it becomes necessary to do so. But we must never harbor any hatred in dealing with them.
 First John 4:20-21 says, “If anyone says, I love God, and hates his brother, he is a liar; for he who does not love his brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God, whom he has not seen. And this commandment we have from Him, that he who loves God love his brother also.” Here John shows us that to love one’s brothers is equal to loving God. He who does not love his brother whom he has seen cannot love God whom he has not seen. We should love our brothers if we want to love God. This is the commandment which we have received from God.
 We must be careful not to do anything that will offend love. We should not offend our brothers lightly. We must love one another and must honor the brotherly love that has been placed in our hearts. We should not put aside such a heart. God has placed this heart in us so that we can use it to serve and help the brothers. We should allow this brotherly love to grow, to be strengthened, and to be empowered.
 First John 3:17 says, “But whoever has the livelihood of the world and sees that his brother has need and shuts up his affections from him, how does the love of God abide in him?” John did not say, “How does the love of the brothers abide in him?” He said, “How does the love of God abide in him?” because the love of God is the love of the brothers, and the love of the brothers is the love of God. The love of God does not abide in a person who shuts up his love for his brother. He cannot deceive himself by saying, “Although I do not love my brother, I love God.” Our relationship with the brothers comes from our relationship with God. If we are not related to the brothers, it means that we are not related to God. If we reject our brothers, the love of God is not in us.
 
 
HOW TO LOVE THE BROTHERS
 First John 3:16 says, “In this we know love, that He laid down His life on our behalf.” What does it mean to love the brothers? John goes on to explain it. We do not know what love is until we see how the Lord laid down His life for us. John continues by saying, “And we ought to lay down our lives on behalf of the brothers.” A love for the brothers is a willingness to lay ourselves aside to serve them. It is a willingness to deny oneself for the perfection of others, and a heart that will even lay down one’s very own life for his brothers.
 Verse 18 says, “Little children, let us not love in word nor in tongue but in deed and truthfulness.” Brotherly love is not just empty words; it is manifested in deed and truthfulness.
 First John 4:10-12 says, “Herein is love, not that we have loved God but that He loved us and sent His Son as a propitiation for our sins. Beloved, if God has loved us in this way, we also ought to love one another. No one has beheld God at any time; if we love one another, God abides in us, and His love is perfected in us.” This shows us that our love toward God and our love toward one another cannot be separated. The love of God is perfected in us if we love one another. Today God has put many brothers before us for us to practice our love for God. The love of God is perfected in us if we love one another. We should not say in a vain way that we love God. We must learn to love the brothers in a real way. It is vanity to merely talk about love. Our love for God must be expressed in our love for the brothers.
 First John 5:2-3 says, “In this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and do His commandments. For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments.” If we love God, we must keep His commandments. Likewise, if we love God’s children, we must keep His commandments. For example, God’s commandment says that we should be baptized by immersion. But many of God’s children hold different opinions. They say, “I do not agree with baptism by immersion. If you love me, you should not be baptized by immersion. This will hurt me.” What should we do? God commands us to leave the denominations and not remain in any sects; however, many of God’s children promote the denominations. They say, “You should not leave the denominations. You will hurt us if you leave the denominations.” What should we do? We must leave the denominations if we want to love God, and we should stay in the denominations if we want to love our brothers. This puts us in a dilemma. But verse 2 says, “In this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and do His commandments.” In other words, we cannot say that we love God’s children if we do not keep God’s commandments. Suppose a brother is touched by God to be baptized by immersion. He should be baptized if he loves God’s children. If he is not baptized, he will affect other children of God; they also may choose not to be baptized. This will hinder them from obeying God. This is not the way to love them. If we keep all the commandments of God, we will know that we have loved His children. We will have taken the way of obedience. Now other children can take the same way. If we choose not to obey just because we are afraid that we may hurt them by our obedience, we will have no way to go on, and they will have no way to go on as well. We must learn to love God, and we must keep all His commandments. It is by loving Him and keeping His commandments that we know we love His children. We must keep all the commandments of God. This is the only way to lead God’s children to the way of obedience. Consider another illustration: Suppose your parents do not allow you to believe in the Lord. What should you do? Would you deny the Lord for the sake of loving them? If you listen to them and deny the Lord, you are not practicing love at all! If you do not listen to them and instead believe in the Lord, they may be angry with you for a time, but you have opened a way for them to believe in the Lord. This is love!
 However, we must not offend our parents in attitude or in words. It is right for us to obey and follow God’s commandments, but we must not offend our parents in our attitude and our words. We need to hold fast to God’s truth, and at the same time, we need to maintain love. We must learn to be righteous from the very beginning of our Christian life. At the same time, we must not give up love. Do not emphasize the holiness of the life of God at the expense of the love found in His life. These two aspects should balance one another. We want to obey God, but we must obey in an attitude of meekness. Do not offend love in any way. If something needs to be done, do it. But never do anything which offends love. We must be gentle in our attitude. Even when there are differences of opinion among the brothers, we must still remain gentle. We must be full of love when we tell our brother, “Brother, how I wish to see what you have seen. But God has shown me otherwise, and I have no choice but to obey Him.” Do not lower the standard of God’s Word; neither offend love. On the one hand, be obedient to God. On the other hand, love. We must show our brother that we are not doing something for ourselves; we are doing it because God has said so. Our attitude must be right, and we must be full of meekness. This will gain many brothers and sisters.
 
 
THE RESULT OF LOVE
 First John 4:16 says, “God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God and God abides in him.” This is the second occurrence in this Epistle of the phrase God is love. Because God is love, He wants us to love the brothers and abide in love. As long as we abide in love, we abide in God.
 Verses 17 and 18 say, “In this has love been perfected with us, that we have boldness in the day of the judgment....There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear.” First John 4 is the only place in the entire Bible that tells us how to stand boldly before the judgment seat. It tells us the secret: Abide in love. To abide in love is to abide in God. We will have boldness in the day of judgment when this love is perfected in us.
 We must have only one thought toward our brothers and sisters—love. We must gain them and seek their highest benefit. There must be no hatred, only love. This practice is an exercise for us. One day our whole being will abide in love, and love will also abide in us. Then our lives on earth will be free from all fear. There is no fear when we love. When we stand before the judgment seat, we will not be afraid of anything. This life of love will operate among us until fear is gone. The fruit of the Spirit—love—will give us the boldness to stand before the judgment seat.
 We have already seen that to love the brothers is to love God. Our love for the brothers will cause the love of God to be perfected in us. We can love the brothers to such an extent that there is no more fear in us toward the brothers. Loving God and loving the brothers always go together. We must love the brothers on earth if we want to love God. If we do, love is perfected in us, and we will have the boldness on the day of judgment. This is a wonderful thing.
 May we all give ourselves to learn to love the brothers from the very beginning of our Christian life. May the life of love find an outlet in us.
 
  读经:

  约翰福音五章二十四节:“我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”

  约翰一书三章十四节:“我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”

  约翰福音是四福音中最后写的,约翰书信也是所有书信中最后写的。在约翰福音之前,有马太、马可和路加三卷福音,讲到主耶稣的许多事迹和教训;到约翰写福音书的时候,就把神的儿子来到地上的那一个最高、最属灵的点指给我们看见。他特别清楚地告诉我们,什么人能够得到永生。他一直给我们看见,信的人有永生。在约翰福音里,充满了信。人一信主,就得着永生,这是约翰福音的题目,这是约翰所注重的点。别的福音所没有特别注重的,约翰福音就特别的注重。约翰五章二十四节说,“我实实在在地告诉你们,那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”换句话说,听而信的人,就是出死入生的人。这个福音的门,是开得很大的。

  到了书信,保罗、彼得和其他使徒也来把“信”解释得非常清楚,给我们看见,每一个信主的人,都能得着恩典。可是到最后,约翰写的书信却注重到另一方面。当其他的书信都注重在神面前的信心的时候,他却注重在神面前实际的行为──爱。其他的书信说信的人得着称义,信的人得着赦免,信的人得着洁净,约翰的书信却说信的人必须有凭据──爱。

  我们如果问有的人说,“你怎么知道你有永生?”他也许会回答说,“神的话这样说。”但这是不够可靠的,因为他可能凭着头脑这样说,不一定真相信神的话。所以约翰在他的书信里给我们看见,人如果说他自己是有生命的,他必定有凭据;人如果说他自己是属乎神的,在他身上必定有一个彰显,必定有一个见证。

  人可能凭着知识在那里说,“我信,就有永生。”人可能把“信就有永生”演成一个公式:第一,我听福音;第二,我明白了;第三,我相信了;第四,我知道有永生。但这种公式的“得救”是靠不住地。圣经告诉我们,在保罗的时候,就已经有假弟兄了(林后十一26,加二4)。什么叫作假弟兄呢?就是有人自称是弟兄,其实不是弟兄;有人自称是属乎神的人,其实是没有生命的人。他们混到教会中来,是凭着道理进来的,是凭着知识进来的,是凭着公式进来的。那么我们怎能知道一个人的信是真的,或者是假的呢?我们怎能知道一个人在神面前的信心是活的,或者是一个公式呢?我们有什么方法去证明谁是属乎主的人,谁不是属乎主的呢?约翰的书信替我们解决了这个难处。约翰给我们一种鉴别的方法去认识,什么种的人是真弟兄,什么种的人是假弟兄;什么种的人是从神生的人,什么种的人不是从神生的人。现在我们要来看约翰告诉我们的这个鉴别的方法。
 
 Scripture Reading: John 5:24; 1 John 3:14

 The Gospel of John was the last Gospel written, and the Epistles of John were the last Epistles written. Before the Gospel of John there are three Gospels, the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, which cover many acts and teachings of the Lord Jesus. The Gospel of John shows us the highest and most spiritual things concerning the coming of the Son of God to earth. It tells us clearly what kind of people can receive eternal life. It repeatedly says that those who believe have eternal life. The Gospel of John is full of the matter of believing. A person receives eternal life when he believes. This is the subject and emphasis of the Gospel of John. The Gospel of John pays special attention to things that the other Gospels do not cover. John 5:24 says, “Truly, truly, I say to you, He who hears My word and believes Him who sent Me has eternal life, and does not come into judgment but has passed out of death into life.” In other words, those who hear and believe have passed out of death into life. Here the door of the gospel is very wide.

 When we come to the Epistles, Paul, Peter, and the other apostles also explain faith in a very clear way. They show us that every believer can receive grace. Yet when we come to the final Epistles, the Epistles written by John, we find the emphasis shifting to other things. While the other Epistles pay much attention to a man’s faith in God, John emphasizes one aspect of practical conduct before God. His Epistles speak of love. The other Epistles say that those who believe are justified, forgiven, and cleansed. But John’s Epistles say that a person’s faith must be evidenced by his love.

 If we ask someone, “How do you know that you have eternal life?” he may answer, “God’s Word says so.” But this is not quite enough. He may have spoken it out of his mental knowledge; he may not have truly believed in God’s Word. Therefore, John shows us in his Epistles that if a man says that he has eternal life, he must prove it. If a man says that he is of God, others must witness some kind of manifestation or testimony in him.

 A person may say, “I have believed; therefore, I have eternal life.” He may say this based on his knowledge. He can make the process of believing and having eternal life a formula: First, one hears the gospel; second, he understands; third, he believes; and fourth, he knows that he has eternal life. But this kind of formulaic “salvation” is not trustworthy. The Bible tells us that at the time of Paul there were false brothers (2 Cor. 11:26; Gal. 2:4). False brothers are those who call themselves brothers but are not actually brothers. Some claim to be of God but are actually void of life. They make their way into the church through doctrines, knowledge, and certain regulations. How can we know whether or not a person’s faith is genuine? How do we know whether a person’s faith before God is living or merely a formula? What way is there to prove who is of God and who is not? The Epistles of John settle this problem. John gave us a way to differentiate between true brothers and false brothers, between those who are born of God and those who are not born of God. Let us look at John’s way of discernment.
  全部圣经只有两个地方用“出死入生”这一句话:一处是在约翰五章二十四节,另一处是在约壹三章十四节。我们把这两节圣经拿来比较一下。

  约翰五章二十四节:“那听我话,又信差我来者的,就有永生,不至于定罪,是已经出死入生了。”这里说,信的人是已经出死入生了。

  约壹三章十四节:“我们因为爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。”这里说,出死入生是有凭据的,爱弟兄就是出死入生的凭据。

  比方:你与许多人交朋友,你很喜欢他们;或者,你佩服许多人,你很尊敬他们;但是,你对他们的感觉,与你对同胞兄弟姊妹的感觉,总是有些不同。若是有一个人是你母亲生的,是你的兄弟或姊妹,你就很自然的对他有一个特别的感觉,有一个莫名其妙的感觉。这一个感觉,是一个很自然的爱的感觉。你有这一个感觉,就证明你和他是一家。

  照样,在这里有一个人,他的外貌,他的家庭,他所受的教育,他的性情,他的兴趣,也许与你完全两样;可是,因为他也是相信主耶稣的,你对他就有一种说不出来的感觉,有一个莫名其妙的感觉,觉得这一位是你的弟兄,好像比你的亲兄弟还要亲。你有这一个感觉,就证明你是已经出死入生的人。

  约壹五章一节说,“凡信耶稣是基督的,都是从神而生;凡爱生他之神的,也必爱从神生的。”这里的话非常宝贵。你如果爱生你的神,你就必定爱神所生的,这是极其自然的。你不能说我爱神,而我对弟兄没有感觉。这是不可能的事。

  在你里面有一个“爱”,证明你从前那一个“信”是真的;因为你从前那一个“信”是真的,所以你就有了这一种说不出来的“爱”。这一个爱弟兄的心是很特别的,不是因为别的缘故而爱,只是因为他是弟兄而爱。不是因为他与你意气相投,所以你爱他,只是因为他是你的弟兄,所以你爱他。在这里有一个人,与你教育不一样,脾气不一样,家庭不一样,意见不一样,看法不一样,但是你爱他。就是因为他是一个信主的人,你也是一个信主的人,你和他都是弟兄,你就自然而然与他有交通,对他有一种说不出来的感觉,有一种说不出来的味道。这一个感觉,这一个味道,就是你出死入生的凭据。你如果爱弟兄,就晓得是已经出死入生了。

  不错,信心使你遇见神,信心使你出死入生,使你作一个神家里的人,使你得着了重生;但是,信心不只使你遇见父,信心也使你遇见弟兄。你一得着生命,就自然而然觉得全世界有这一个生命的人多得很,这一个生命就自然而然要你亲近那些与你得着同样生命的人。这生命使你喜欢接近他们,喜欢与他们来往,自然而然就有一个爱他们的心。

  约翰福音和约翰书信给我们看见,神所安排的是:“信”使我们出死入生;出死入生的人,就能够“爱”。我们凭着爱弟兄,就能知道自己是出死入生的人。这是一个非常可靠的方法,能试验出神的儿女在地上到底有多少。能相爱才是弟兄;如果不相爱,就不是弟兄。

  弟兄姊妹们!我们在神面前必须看见这件事,就是说,爱弟兄,是真信心的凭据。我们没有其他更好的方法分别什么人的信心是真的,什么人的信心是假的。如果我们没有辨别的能力,那么福音传得越完全,假冒的危险就越大;福音传得越透彻,假冒的人就越容易混进来;福音越是传得满了恩典,马虎随便的人就越多。所以,我们总得有一条分别的路,总得找出一个方法来,认清谁是真的信,谁是假的信。约翰的书信明显的给我们看见,分别真的信心和假的信心的路,不是在信心里,而是在爱心里。不是问信心如何,而是问爱心如何。信心如果是对的,就必定有爱心。没有爱,就证明没有信;有爱,就证明有信。我们从爱这一边去看信,就能看得清楚。

  要知道一个人是不是真基督徒,只要看他对于神其他的儿女,有没有一种特别的味道,特别的吸引力。神所给我们的生命,不是一个独立生存的生命。神所给我们的生命,自然而然要我们与别的得着同样生命的人接近,自然而然要我们与别的得着同样生命的人相爱,有互相亲密的感觉。有这一个感觉的人,就是已经出死入生的人。
 
 There are only two passages in the Bible which contain the phrase out of death into life. One is in John 5:24, and the other is in 1 John 3:14. Let us make a comparison between these two portions.

  John 5:24 says, “Truly, truly, I say to you, He who hears My word and believes Him who sent Me has eternal life, and does not come into judgment but has passed out of death into life.” Here it says that he who believes has passed out of death into life.

 First John 3:14 says, “We know that we have passed out of death into life because we love the brothers.” This verse speaks of the proof of one’s having passed out of death into life. The proof is love for the brothers.

 Suppose you have many friends and you like them very much, or you admire many people and respect them very much. There is still a difference between your feelings toward them and your feelings toward the brothers and sisters in your own family. Somehow, there is a difference. If a person is born of your mother, if he is your brother, there is spontaneously a special and inexplicable feeling toward him. It is a feeling of instinctive love. This feeling proves that you and he belong to the same family.

 The same holds true for our spiritual family. Suppose there is a person whose appearance, family background, education, disposition, and interest are totally different from yours. Yet he has believed in the Lord Jesus. Spontaneously, you will have an inexplicable feeling toward him. You will feel that he is your brother. He will be dearer to you than your brother in the flesh. This feeling proves that you have passed out of death into life.

 First John 5:1 says, “Everyone who believes that Jesus is the Christ has been begotten of God, and everyone who loves Him who has begotten loves him also who has been begotten of Him.” This is a very precious word. If you love God who has begotten you, it is only natural that you will love those who are begotten of God. It is impossible to say that you love God and yet have no feeling toward your brothers.

 This love is proof that the faith we have acquired is a genuine faith. Such unspeakable love can only issue from genuine faith. This love for the brothers is something very special. A person loves for no other reason than the fact that the other person is a brother. He does not love because there is a common bond of interest. He loves simply because the other person is his brother. It is possible for two persons with different educational backgrounds, temperaments, family backgrounds, opinions, and views to love each other simply because both are believers. Both are brothers, and spontaneously they have fellowship one with another. There is an unspeakable feeling and taste toward each other. This feeling and taste is the proof that they have passed out of death into life. We know that we have passed out of death into life if we love the brothers.

 It is true that faith brings us to God. Through faith we pass out of death into life, and through faith we are made members of the household of God and are regenerated. But faith brings us not only to the Father but also to the brothers. Once we have this life, we will have a feeling for the many people throughout the world who also have this life. Spontaneously, this life will draw us toward those who have the same life. This life takes pleasure in their presence; it delights in communicating with them and has a spontaneous love for them.

 The Gospel of John and the Epistles of John show us God’s ordained order: First, faith brings us out of death into life, and then those who have passed out of death into life have this love. By loving the brothers, we know that we have passed out of death into life. This is a very reliable way to ascertain the number of God’s children on earth. Only those who love one another are brothers; those who do not love one another are not brothers.

 Brothers and sisters! We must realize that in the eyes of God our love for the brothers is a test of the genuineness of our faith. We have no better way to tell whether a person’s faith is true or false. In the absence of this discernment, the more perfectly the gospel is preached, the greater will be the danger of counterfeits. The more thoroughly the gospel is preached, the easier it will be for false ones to come in. The more the gospel is preached with grace, the more careless ones will creep in. There must be a way to discern and recognize genuine faith from counterfeit faith. The Epistles of John show us clearly that the way to differentiate true faith from false faith is not through faith itself but through love. There is no need to ask how great one’s faith is. It is necessary only to ask how great his love is. Where there is genuine faith, there will be love. The lack of love proves the absence of faith. The presence of love proves the presence of faith. When we approach faith through the gateway of love, everything will become clear to us.

 Whether or not a person is a genuine Christian depends on whether he has a special taste for and attraction toward other children of God. The life which God has given us is not an independent life. It is a life which spontaneously draws us toward those with the same life. It loves and desires mutual intimacy. Those who have such feelings have passed out of death into life.
  约壹三章十一节:“我们应当彼此相爱;这就是你们从起初所听见的命令。”

  还有三章二十三节:“神的命令就是叫我们信祂儿子耶稣基督的名,且照祂所赐给我们的命令彼此相爱。”

  彼此相爱乃是神的命令。神命令我们作两件事:(一)信祂儿子耶稣基督的名;(二)彼此相爱。我们已经把相信这一件事作了,对于下面那一个爱就也应当作。神给我们那一个爱,神也给我们一个爱的命令。神先赐给我们那一个爱,然后给我们那一个爱的命令,要我们彼此相爱。今天我们要将神所给我们的那一个爱,照着神的命令来彼此相爱。神所摆在我们里面的爱,我们要按着它的性质来用它,不应当毁它、伤它。

  还有四章七至八节:“亲爱的弟兄啊,我们应当彼此相爱;因为爱是从神来的;凡有爱心的,都是由神而生,并且认识神。没有爱心的,就不认识神;因为神就是爱。”

  我们为什么要彼此相爱?因为爱是从神来的。有爱的人都是由神而生,没有爱的人就不认识神,因为神自己就是爱。神生我们的时候,也把爱生在我们里面。从前,我们里面没有爱,但今天我们里面有爱。今天有这一个爱,就是从神来的。每一个从神生的人,神都把爱生在他们里面。神给你有爱,神也给他有爱,所以能够彼此相爱。

  从神生的就得着生命,这一个生命就是神自己;神就是爱,所以从神生的,就有这样的爱生在他里面。我们从神得着的那一个生命,就是爱的生命。所有从神生的人,都有爱在他们里面,每一个有爱的人,就自然而然能彼此相爱。所以,如果我们不能彼此相爱,那是希奇的事。神赐给每一个基督徒一个爱的生命,神就根据这一个生命,给一个命令说,“应当彼此相爱。”神先给爱,然后说要爱。神先给爱的生命,然后给爱的命令,我们应该低下头来说,“感谢神,神的儿女能彼此相爱!”
 
 First John 3:11 says, “For this is the message which you heard from the beginning, that we should love one another.”

 Verse 23 says, “And this is His commandment, that we believe in the name of His Son Jesus Christ and love one another, even as He gave a commandment to us.”

 Loving one another is a commandment from God. God commands us to do two things: to believe in the name of His Son Jesus Christ and to love one another. We have already believed. Now we also should love. God gave us this love, and He also gave us the commandment to love. God first gave us this love and then He gave us the commandment to love one another. Today we must love one another according to God’s commandment. We must also love one another with the love which God has given us. We must exercise the love which God has put into us. We must apply it according to its nature. We should never quench it or hurt it.

 First John 4:7-8 says, “Beloved, let us love one another, because love is of God, and everyone who loves has been begotten of God and knows God. He who does not love has not known God, because God is love.”

 We must love one another, because love is of God. Those who have love are begotten of God. Those who do not love have not known God because God Himself is love. When God begot us, He also begot love in us. We were without love, but today we have love. Today the love we possess is from God. God has begotten love in everyone who is born of God. God has given love to both you and others. This is why we can love one another.

 Those who are begotten of God have received a life—a life which is God Himself. God is love; therefore, those who are begotten of God have such a love begotten within them. The life which we have received from God is a life of love. Everyone who is begotten of God has love in him, and everyone who has love in him spontaneously loves the brothers. It would be strange if we could not love one another. God gave every Christian a life of love. He also gave him the commandment of love based upon this life of love: “Let us love one another.” God first gives us the love, and then He tells us to love. He first gives us a life of love, and then the commandment of love. We should bow our heads and say, “Thank You! God’s children can now love one another.”
  现在我们要把约翰一书中关于这一类的圣经节,特别提出来看一下。

  二章九至十一节:“人若说自己在光明中,却恨他的弟兄,他到如今还是在黑暗里。爱弟兄的就是住在光明中,在他并没有绊跌的缘由。唯独恨弟兄的是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行,也不知道往哪里去,因为黑暗叫他眼睛瞎了。”清楚么?一个人是不是弟兄,一个人是不是在光中,一个人是不是在黑暗里,只要看他恨不恨弟兄就能知道。

  如果有一个人知道你是弟兄,而他在心里竟然能恨你,这就足够证明他不是一个基督徒。他看见了五个弟兄,他如果说,“有四个我都爱他们,有一个我心里恨他。”这就证明他自己还不是弟兄。我们要知道,爱弟兄并不是因为他可爱才爱,乃是因为他是弟兄,所以爱。因为是弟兄,所以爱他,这是唯一的原因。所以,如果在这里有一个人,他知道你是弟兄,他知道你是属乎主的,而他还能恨你,那就证明他在里面没有生命。因为这里的话是说,“恨弟兄的是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行。”住是住在黑暗里,行也行在黑暗里。换句话说,圣经根本不承认有恨弟兄的事,根本不相信有这一个可能。如果有一个人,你知道他是弟兄,而你竟然恨他,那你自己只得说,“主,我不是住在光明中的人,我是在黑暗里,且在黑暗里行的人!”

  三章十节:“从此就显出谁是神的儿女…,凡不行义的,就不属神;不爱弟兄的也是如此。”所以,外面不行义的人,是不属乎神的;里面没有爱弟兄的感觉的人,也是不属乎神的。不爱弟兄的人,就不是属乎神的人,因为在他里面没有那一个爱,在他里面没有那一个感觉。从这里就显出谁是神的儿女。

  三章十四节下半:“没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”这一个爱不是指着普通的爱,乃是指着爱弟兄的爱。如果有人在里面没有这一个爱弟兄的心,圣经就指给我们看,他是“仍住在死中”。在一个人没有相信主的时候,对于别的信主的人,一点感觉都没有,一点吸引都没有,那不足为奇。可是他相信了主以后,如果对于这些信主的人还是没有感觉,还是没有吸引,那就太希奇了。这可能是因为他的信心靠不住。“没有爱心的,仍住在死中。”他从前是死的,今天恐怕还是死的。因为信心是用爱心来作凭据的。人的信心靠得住靠不住,就在乎有没有爱生出来。相信神的人,就生出爱弟兄的心来;如果生不出爱弟兄的心来,这就证明他仍住在死中。

  三章十五节:“凡恨他弟兄的,就是杀人的;你们晓得凡杀人的,没有永生存在他里面。”你绝不能说,一个人相信主了,还是杀人。圣经告诉我们,恨弟兄就是杀人。一个有永生的人,他应该不会恨弟兄。会恨弟兄,就证明他在里面没有爱,没有永生。

  在神的儿女中,能有许多的情形,可是在神的儿女中不能有恨。如果有一个弟兄有一种很不好的情形,我们心里可以不喜欢他;如果有一个弟兄犯了应该被革除的罪,我们也许会发怒的对付这件事;如果有一个弟兄作了一件很不好的事,我们可以把他请来,在主面前很重的责备他;但是,我们不能恨他,如果有人恨他,就证明这个人没有永生存在他里面。

  凡是神的儿女,他里面的生命都是丰富到一个地步,能叫他爱所有的弟兄姊妹。只要有一个人是属乎主的,他里面的爱就会出来。爱一个弟兄,与爱所有的弟兄是一样的。因为爱弟兄的心摆在这一个人身上是这样,摆在那一个人身上也是这样。这一个爱弟兄的心,对于所有的弟兄都没有分别。只要是弟兄,它都能爱。如果有人恨一个弟兄,这个人就是没有永生存在里面的人。不必恨所有的弟兄,只要恨一个弟兄,就足够证明他缺了那一个爱弟兄的爱。爱弟兄的爱,是能爱所有弟兄的。

  所以,这是一个非常严肃的问题。如果有一个信徒,不爱另外一个弟兄,恨另外一个弟兄,甚至于欺负另外一个弟兄,攻击另外一个弟兄,那我们只能说,“神啊!求你怜悯!在这里有一个人,自己以为是信徒,其实根本没有得救!”只要他对一个弟兄有恨,就足够证明他这一个人不是属乎主的。这是相当严肃的事!

  正常的情形是这样的:假使有一位弟兄,他所作的许多事情,你不以为然,你可以劝戒他、责备他,但是你不恨他。如果他作一件事,使你很生气,你能发怒到一个地步,用很重的话责备他,但是你里面没有恨。你就是要像马太十八章所说的那样“告诉教会”,你的目的还是为要得着他,还是为要挽回他。如果你对于他除了攻击和拆毁之外,没有一点挽回的意思,那就证明你不是一个弟兄。马太十八章的那一个弟兄所以告诉教会,目的是要得着他的弟兄。所以,问题是在这里:你的目的是为着拆毁呢,或者是为要得着?这是相当严重的问题,我们不要以为是简单的事!

  像对于林前五章所说的那一个行淫乱的人,保罗说,“你们应当把那恶人从你们中间赶出去。”(13)保罗起初因为他们不把行这样事的人赶出去,就奉主耶稣的名,并用主耶稣的权能,把那一个人交给撒但,败坏他的肉体。这样的对付重么?真是重到不能再重了。可是保罗为什么这样作?乃是要“使他的灵魂在主耶稣的日子可以得救。”(5)所以要叫他的肉体在目前受败坏,目的乃是要他不受永远的损失。马太十八章的“告诉教会”,存心是为着挽回;林前五章的革除,存心也是为着挽回。

  当约书亚审判亚干的时候,他说,“我儿,我劝你将荣耀归给耶和华以色列的神。…”(书七19。)虽然亚干犯了大罪,可是他对亚干说话的时候是这一种的灵,满了爱弟兄的心。

  当报信的少年人把扫罗死的消息告诉大卫的时候,大卫就撕裂衣服,悲哀哭号,禁食到晚上(撒下一11~12)。当有人把押沙龙死的消息告诉大卫的时候,大卫就心里伤恸,哀哭说,“我儿押沙龙啊,我恨不得替你死!”(十八33。)扫罗是与他为敌的君王,押沙龙是他悖逆的儿子,这样的人死了,大卫还在那里哀哭。他不能不打仗,不能不刑罚,但是也不能不哭;他不能不审判,不能不定罪,但是也不能不流泪。

  弟兄姊妹们!如果有人只有审判,而没有眼泪;只有定罪,而不感觉难受,那就证明这一个人不知道什么叫作爱弟兄。如果有人对弟兄有责备,只是拆毁,那就证明他里面没有爱,只有恨。恨弟兄就是杀弟兄!这是十分严重的一件事!

  从前有弟兄写信问达秘关于革除的事,达秘第一句话就说,“我想,一个罪蒙赦免的罪人,去革除另外一个罪人,这是全世界最可怕的事。”全世界上没有第二件事比这一件事再可怕,就是一个罪得着赦免的罪人,去革除另外一个罪人。达秘这样的态度,是出乎爱的生命的态度。不错,许多事情需要对付;在教会中如有必要;可以革除犯罪的弟兄姊妹;但是,在对付的时候,里面必须没有恨。

  约壹四章二十至二十一节:“人若说,我爱神,却恨他的弟兄,就是说谎话的;不爱他所看见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。爱神的,也当爱弟兄,这是我们从神所受的命令。”约翰在这里给我们看见,爱弟兄就是爱神。不爱看得见的弟兄,就不能爱没有看见的神。你如果要爱神,你就应当爱弟兄。这是我们从神那里所得着的命令。

  所以我们要小心,我们不应该作得罪爱的事。不要随便得罪弟兄。要相爱,要尊重你里面爱弟兄的心,不要把你里面爱弟兄的心伤了。神把爱弟兄的心放在我们里面,是要我们用着它去服事弟兄,帮助弟兄。我们应该让爱弟兄的心越长越刚强,越长越有力量。

  三章十七节:“凡有世上财物的,看见弟兄穷乏,却塞住怜恤的心,爱神的心怎能存在他里面呢?”约翰不说“爱弟兄的心怎能存在他里面呢”,而说“爱神的心怎能存在他里面呢”,因为爱神的心就是爱弟兄的心,爱弟兄的心就是爱神的心。人如果塞住了怜悯弟兄的心,那么他爱神的心也就没有了。他不能自己欺骗自己说,“我虽然不爱弟兄,但是我爱神。”我们和弟兄的关系,是从神来的;如果和弟兄没有关系,那就是和神没有关系;如果弃绝弟兄,自然爱神的心不在里面了。
 
 Now let us consider all the verses under this category in 1 John.

 First John 2:9-11 says, “He who says he is in the light and yet hates his brother is in the darkness until now. He who loves his brother abides in the light, and there is no cause of stumbling in him; but he who hates his brother is in the darkness and walks in the darkness and does not know where he is going, because the darkness has blinded his eyes.” Are you clear? Whether or not a man is a brother and whether or not he walks in the light and turns away from darkness are determined by whether or not he loves his brother.

 If a person knows that you are a brother and yet he hates you in his heart, it proves that he is not a Christian. If he has seen five brothers and says, “I love four of them, but I hate one in my heart,” it proves that he is not a brother. We must realize that we do not love a brother because he is lovable but because he is a brother. We love him because he is a brother. This is the only reason for us to love. If a person knows that you are a brother and are of the Lord yet still hates you, it proves that he has no life in him. Here it says, “He who hates his brother is in the darkness and walks in the darkness.” He is in the darkness and he walks in the darkness. In other words, the Bible denies the possibility that anyone can hate his brothers; it does not accept this as a possibility at all. If you know that a person is a brother and yet hate him, you must say, “Lord, I am not walking in the light. I am in the darkness and am walking in the darkness.”

 First John 3:10 says, “In this the children of God...are manifest. Everyone who does not practice righteousness is not of God, neither he who does not love his brother.” He who does not practice righteousness outwardly is not of God. In the same way, he who does not have an inward love for his brother is not of God. He who does not love his brother is not of God, because this love and this feeling are not in him. In this the children of God are manifest.

 Verse 14 says, “He who does not love abides in death.” This love does not refer to ordinary love but to the love with which one loves his brothers. If a person does not have such a love for the brothers within him, the Bible says that he “abides in death.” We can understand why a person has no feeling or attraction for other believers before he believes. But it would be very strange if, after believing, he still has no feeling or attraction toward other believers. His faith may not be that genuine. “He who does not love abides in death.” Formerly, such a person was dead. I am afraid that he is still dead because faith is based on love. Whether or not a person’s faith is genuine depends on whether there is love. Those who believe in God have a love for the brothers. If love is absent, it proves that the person still abides in death.

 Verse 15 says, “Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that no murderer has eternal life abiding in him.” We cannot imagine that any person would still murder after becoming a believer. The Bible tells us that to hate one’s brother is to murder. A person who has eternal life should never hate his brother. Hating the brothers proves that there is no love in him. It means that eternal life is not in him.

 God’s children can be in many different conditions, but they can never hate. If there is a brother who is offensive in certain ways, we may not like him in our heart. If there is a brother who has committed a sin worthy of excommunication, we may deal with the matter with indignation. If there is a brother who has done something extremely evil, we may ask him to come to us and rebuke him severely before the Lord. But we can never hate our brothers. If a brother hates another brother, eternal life is not in him.

 Every child of God has a life rich enough to love all the brothers and sisters. As long as a person belongs to the Lord, he deserves a believer’s love. Our love for any one brother should be the same as our love for all the brothers. The brotherly love that is applied toward one brother should be equally applicable to all the brothers. This kind of love for the brothers makes no distinction. As long as one is a brother, he deserves this love. If anyone hates a brother, it proves that he does not have eternal life in him. He does not have to hate all the brothers. As long as he hates one brother, it is enough to prove that he does not have brotherly love in him. The brotherly love that we are speaking about is a love that loves all the brothers.

 This is a very sobering thought. If a believer does not love his brother but hates him instead, or if he threatens or attacks his brother, we can say only, “May God be merciful to him! Here is a person who thinks that he is a believer and yet he is not saved at all!” As long as he hates a brother, it proves that he is not of the Lord. This is a serious matter!

 Under normal circumstances, if a brother has done things which irritate you, you can exhort him and rebuke him, but you cannot hate him. If he has done something which provokes you, you may be angry with him and rebuke him severely. But there cannot be any hatred in you. Even if you “tell it to the church,” according to Matthew 18, your intention should still be to gain him and restore him. If you have no intention of restoring him and if your goal is only to attack him and tear him down, it proves that you are less than a brother. The brother spoken of in Matthew 18 told the church because he wanted to gain his brother. The whole issue is whether your goal is to tear down your brother or to gain him. This is quite a serious matter. We must not take it lightly!

 Concerning the fornicator in 1 Corinthians 5:13, Paul said, “Remove the evil man from among yourselves.” At the beginning Paul delivered such a one to Satan for the destruction of his flesh in the name of the Lord Jesus and with the power of the Lord Jesus because the Corinthians did not do anything to cast him out. Is this kind of dealing too severe? It was indeed extremely severe. But Paul did this so that the man’s spirit would be saved in the day of the Lord (v. 5). The purpose for his flesh being destroyed in the present time was so that he would not suffer eternal loss. The purpose of telling it “to the church” in Matthew 18 is for restoration; the removing in 1 Corinthians 5 is also for restoration.

 When Joshua judged Achan, he said, “My son, give glory to Jehovah” (Josh. 7:19). Though Achan had committed a great sin, he spoke to Achan with such a spirit and such brotherly love.

 David took hold of his clothes and tore them when a young messenger brought the news of Saul’s death to him. He mourned, wept, and fasted until the evening (2 Sam. 1:11-12). When someone told David about Absalom’s death, David was much moved. He wept, saying, “O my son Absalom! My son, my son Absalom! If only I had died instead of you!” (18:33). Saul was a king who hated David, and Absalom was David’s rebellious son. Yet David wept when they died. He had to fight the battles, and he had to judge, but he could not restrain his tears. He had to judge, and he had to condemn, but he could not hold back his tears.

 Brothers and sisters, if a person can only judge and condemn but has no tears or sadness, it proves that he does not know anything about brotherly love. If anyone rebukes a brother only for the purpose of tearing him down, such a one has no love in him, only hatred. To hate the brothers is to murder them! This is a very serious matter!

 A brother once wrote to J. N. Darby about the matter of excommunication. Darby’s first words were, “I think it is the most dreadful thing for a sinner whose sins have been forgiven to excommunicate another sinner.” There is nothing more dreadful than for a sinner whose sins are forgiven to excommunicate another sinner. Mr. Darby’s reaction was something that issued from a life of love. No doubt, there are many things which need to be addressed. We can excommunicate a sinful brother or sister from the church if it becomes necessary to do so. But we must never harbor any hatred in dealing with them.

 First John 4:20-21 says, “If anyone says, I love God, and hates his brother, he is a liar; for he who does not love his brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God, whom he has not seen. And this commandment we have from Him, that he who loves God love his brother also.” Here John shows us that to love one’s brothers is equal to loving God. He who does not love his brother whom he has seen cannot love God whom he has not seen. We should love our brothers if we want to love God. This is the commandment which we have received from God.

 We must be careful not to do anything that will offend love. We should not offend our brothers lightly. We must love one another and must honor the brotherly love that has been placed in our hearts. We should not put aside such a heart. God has placed this heart in us so that we can use it to serve and help the brothers. We should allow this brotherly love to grow, to be strengthened, and to be empowered.

 First John 3:17 says, “But whoever has the livelihood of the world and sees that his brother has need and shuts up his affections from him, how does the love of God abide in him?” John did not say, “How does the love of the brothers abide in him?” He said, “How does the love of God abide in him?” because the love of God is the love of the brothers, and the love of the brothers is the love of God. The love of God does not abide in a person who shuts up his love for his brother. He cannot deceive himself by saying, “Although I do not love my brother, I love God.” Our relationship with the brothers comes from our relationship with God. If we are not related to the brothers, it means that we are not related to God. If we reject our brothers, the love of God is not in us.
  三章十六节:“主为我们舍命,我们从此就知道何为爱。”什么叫作爱弟兄的心呢?约翰替我们解释了。我们本来不容易知道爱是什么东西,当我们看见了主如何为我们舍命,我们就知道什么是爱。所以约翰接下去说,“我们也当为弟兄舍命。”爱弟兄的心,就是对所有的弟兄姊妹有一种丢掉自己去服事他们的心,有一种舍弃自己去成全他们的心,甚至于能够为着弟兄舍去自己的性命。

  三章十八节:“小子们哪!我们相爱,不要只在言语和舌头上;总要在行为和诚实上。”爱弟兄不是说一句空话了事,是要在行为和诚实上显明出来的。

  四章十至十二节:“不是我们爱神,乃是神爱我们,差祂的儿子,为我们的罪作了挽回祭,这就是爱了。亲爱的弟兄啊!神既是这样爱我们,我们也当彼此相爱。从来没有人见过神;我们若彼此相爱,神就住在我们里面,爱祂的心在我们里面得以完全了。”这给我们看见,爱神是与我们彼此相爱分不开的。我们如果彼此相爱,爱神的心在我们里面就得以完全了。换句话说,今天神把许多弟兄摆在我们面前,他们就是我们实习爱神的对象。我们如果彼此相爱,爱神的心在我们里面就完全了。我们不要空口在那里说爱神,我们要实际的学习爱弟兄。空口说爱,是虚空的。爱神,是必须在爱弟兄的事上彰显出来的。

  五章二至三节:“我们若爱神,又遵守祂的诫命,从此就知道我们爱神的儿女。我们遵守神的诫命,这就是爱祂了。”我们如果爱神,就必须遵守祂的诫命;我们要爱神的儿女,也必须遵守祂的诫命。比方:神的命令是要我们受浸,可是,有许多神的儿女意见不同,对我们说,“我们不赞成受浸,你如果爱我们,就不应当去受浸,你如果去受浸,就要伤我们。”那怎么办呢?还有,神的命令是要我们脱离宗派,不可有分门别类的事;可是,有许多神的儿女拥护宗派,对我们说,“你不应该脱离宗派,你如果脱离宗派,你就伤了我们。”那怎么办呢?如果要爱神,那就要脱离宗派;如果要爱弟兄,那就不能脱离宗派;岂不是进退两难么?但是约翰的话告诉我们:“我们若爱神,又遵守祂的诫命,从此就知道我们爱神的儿女。”换句话说,如果神有命令,而你不遵守,你就不能说你爱神的儿女。譬如有一个弟兄,神指示他应该受浸,他如果爱神的儿女,就应该去受浸。因为他如果不受浸,那就会影响许多神的儿女也不拣选受浸,那就拦阻了他们的顺服神,这并不是爱他们。你如果遵守神所有的诫命,从此就知道你爱神的儿女,因为你走顺服的路,其他的儿女就也有顺服的路走。你如果恐怕伤他们而不作,那么,你没有路走,他们也没有路走。所以,你要学习爱神,并且遵守祂所有的诫命,从此就知道你爱神的儿女。我们必须遵守神所有的命令,只有这样,才能够把神的儿女都带上顺服神的路。再说一个比方:假使你的父母不许你信主,那你怎么办呢?难道为着爱他们的缘故你就不信主么?你如果听他们的话不信主,那绝不是爱!你不听他们的话而信了主,虽然他们生气,但是你开了一条路,叫他们也能信主,这才是爱!

  不过,我们在态度和言语上千万不要得罪他们。顺服神的命令,听从神的命令,是应该的,可是在态度上,在言语上,要不得罪他们。我们要持守神的真理,我们也要维持爱。我们从起头就要学习公义,但是要不失去爱。我们不要光注重神的生命是圣洁的一方面,而忽略了神的生命是爱的一方面,这两方面要平衡才对。我们要顺服神,但是我们的态度必须温柔。我们在任何的情形中都要不得罪爱。如果一件事情是必须作的,就去作;但不能作得罪爱的事。态度要温柔,即使和弟兄意见不同的时候也要温柔,要充满着爱对他说,“弟兄!我巴不得也能看见你所看见的,但是神给我看见这一个,我非顺服不可。”不委屈神的话,也不得罪爱。一面要顺服,一面要爱。总要给他们看见,你不是凭着自己这样作的,而是因神这样说,所以你才这样作。你的态度要对,应该充满了温柔。这样,你就能得着许多弟兄姊妹。
 
 First John 3:16 says, “In this we know love, that He laid down His life on our behalf.” What does it mean to love the brothers? John goes on to explain it. We do not know what love is until we see how the Lord laid down His life for us. John continues by saying, “And we ought to lay down our lives on behalf of the brothers.” A love for the brothers is a willingness to lay ourselves aside to serve them. It is a willingness to deny oneself for the perfection of others, and a heart that will even lay down one’s very own life for his brothers.

 Verse 18 says, “Little children, let us not love in word nor in tongue but in deed and truthfulness.” Brotherly love is not just empty words; it is manifested in deed and truthfulness.

 First John 4:10-12 says, “Herein is love, not that we have loved God but that He loved us and sent His Son as a propitiation for our sins. Beloved, if God has loved us in this way, we also ought to love one another. No one has beheld God at any time; if we love one another, God abides in us, and His love is perfected in us.” This shows us that our love toward God and our love toward one another cannot be separated. The love of God is perfected in us if we love one another. Today God has put many brothers before us for us to practice our love for God. The love of God is perfected in us if we love one another. We should not say in a vain way that we love God. We must learn to love the brothers in a real way. It is vanity to merely talk about love. Our love for God must be expressed in our love for the brothers.

 First John 5:2-3 says, “In this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and do His commandments. For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments.” If we love God, we must keep His commandments. Likewise, if we love God’s children, we must keep His commandments. For example, God’s commandment says that we should be baptized by immersion. But many of God’s children hold different opinions. They say, “I do not agree with baptism by immersion. If you love me, you should not be baptized by immersion. This will hurt me.” What should we do? God commands us to leave the denominations and not remain in any sects; however, many of God’s children promote the denominations. They say, “You should not leave the denominations. You will hurt us if you leave the denominations.” What should we do? We must leave the denominations if we want to love God, and we should stay in the denominations if we want to love our brothers. This puts us in a dilemma. But verse 2 says, “In this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and do His commandments.” In other words, we cannot say that we love God’s children if we do not keep God’s commandments. Suppose a brother is touched by God to be baptized by immersion. He should be baptized if he loves God’s children. If he is not baptized, he will affect other children of God; they also may choose not to be baptized. This will hinder them from obeying God. This is not the way to love them. If we keep all the commandments of God, we will know that we have loved His children. We will have taken the way of obedience. Now other children can take the same way. If we choose not to obey just because we are afraid that we may hurt them by our obedience, we will have no way to go on, and they will have no way to go on as well. We must learn to love God, and we must keep all His commandments. It is by loving Him and keeping His commandments that we know we love His children. We must keep all the commandments of God. This is the only way to lead God’s children to the way of obedience. Consider another illustration: Suppose your parents do not allow you to believe in the Lord. What should you do? Would you deny the Lord for the sake of loving them? If you listen to them and deny the Lord, you are not practicing love at all! If you do not listen to them and instead believe in the Lord, they may be angry with you for a time, but you have opened a way for them to believe in the Lord. This is love!

 However, we must not offend our parents in attitude or in words. It is right for us to obey and follow God’s commandments, but we must not offend our parents in our attitude and our words. We need to hold fast to God’s truth, and at the same time, we need to maintain love. We must learn to be righteous from the very beginning of our Christian life. At the same time, we must not give up love. Do not emphasize the holiness of the life of God at the expense of the love found in His life. These two aspects should balance one another. We want to obey God, but we must obey in an attitude of meekness. Do not offend love in any way. If something needs to be done, do it. But never do anything which offends love. We must be gentle in our attitude. Even when there are differences of opinion among the brothers, we must still remain gentle. We must be full of love when we tell our brother, “Brother, how I wish to see what you have seen. But God has shown me otherwise, and I have no choice but to obey Him.” Do not lower the standard of God’s Word; neither offend love. On the one hand, be obedient to God. On the other hand, love. We must show our brother that we are not doing something for ourselves; we are doing it because God has said so. Our attitude must be right, and we must be full of meekness. This will gain many brothers and sisters.
  约壹四章十六节下半:“神就是爱;住在爱里面的,就是住在神里面,神也住在他里面。”这是在本书中第二次说“神就是爱”。因为神就是爱,所以神要我们爱弟兄,并且住在爱里面。我们只要住在爱里面,就是住在神里面。

  四章十七至十八节:“这样,爱在我们里面得以完全,我们就可以在审判的日子,坦然无惧;…爱里没有惧怕;爱既完全,就把惧怕除去。”全部圣经,只有约壹四章告诉我们,怎样才能站在审判台前不惧怕。它把秘诀告诉我们──要住在爱里面。住在爱里面,就是住在神里面。爱在我们里面得以完全,我们在审判的日子就可以坦然无惧。

  所以,我们对于弟兄姊妹应该只有一个意念,就是要爱他们,要得着他们,要使他们得着最高的益处。要没有恨,只有爱。这一种的行为,在我们身上是一种操练;到了有一天,我们整个人住在爱里面,爱也住在我们里面,我们活在地上,就能把所有的惧怕除去。我们爱,我们就不怕。到了审判台前,我们站在那里也不惧怕。这一个爱的生命,能在弟兄中间作到一个地步,完全除去惧怕。圣灵的这一个果子──爱,能使我们站在审判台前坦然无惧。

  我们已经看见:爱弟兄就是爱神;爱弟兄叫我们爱神的心得以完全;我们能够爱弟兄爱到完全的地步,对弟兄没有惧怕的心。爱神与爱弟兄,这两个是并行的。我们如果要爱神,就要在地上爱弟兄。这样,爱在我们里面得以完全,我们就可以在审判的日子坦然无惧。这是一件奇妙的事。

  但愿我们一起头就好好的学习爱弟兄,让爱的生命在我们身上有出路。
 
 First John 4:16 says, “God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God and God abides in him.” This is the second occurrence in this Epistle of the phrase God is love. Because God is love, He wants us to love the brothers and abide in love. As long as we abide in love, we abide in God.

 Verses 17 and 18 say, “In this has love been perfected with us, that we have boldness in the day of the judgment....There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear.” First John 4 is the only place in the entire Bible that tells us how to stand boldly before the judgment seat. It tells us the secret: Abide in love. To abide in love is to abide in God. We will have boldness in the day of judgment when this love is perfected in us.

 We must have only one thought toward our brothers and sisters—love. We must gain them and seek their highest benefit. There must be no hatred, only love. This practice is an exercise for us. One day our whole being will abide in love, and love will also abide in us. Then our lives on earth will be free from all fear. There is no fear when we love. When we stand before the judgment seat, we will not be afraid of anything. This life of love will operate among us until fear is gone. The fruit of the Spirit—love—will give us the boldness to stand before the judgment seat.

 We have already seen that to love the brothers is to love God. Our love for the brothers will cause the love of God to be perfected in us. We can love the brothers to such an extent that there is no more fear in us toward the brothers. Loving God and loving the brothers always go together. We must love the brothers on earth if we want to love God. If we do, love is perfected in us, and we will have the boldness on the day of judgment. This is a wonderful thing.

 May we all give ourselves to learn to love the brothers from the very beginning of our Christian life. May the life of love find an outlet in us.